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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2025-3-1087</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-1171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЙ КЛУБ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TALKING SHOP</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Место технологии искусственного интеллекта в клиническом разборе пациента с психическим расстройством (презентация случая)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Artificial intelligence technology in the clinical analysis of a patient with a mental disorder (case report)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3269-7917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ноздрачев</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nozdrachev</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ноздрачев Дмитрий Игоревич — младший научный сотрудник отделения расстройств аффективного спектра отдела клинико-патогенетических исследований в психиатрии Московского научно-исследовательского института психиатрии — филиала ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России.</p><p>107076, Москва, ул. Потешная, д. 3, к. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry I. Nozdrachev.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dm.nozdrachev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-7858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марачев</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marachev</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марачев Максим Павлович — к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела пограничной психиатрии.</p><p>119991 Москва, Кропоткинский пер., д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim P. Marachev.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marachev.m@serbsky.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9336-7980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евгенов</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evgenov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгенов Павел Сергеевич — врач-психиатр, специалист по кибербезопасности.</p><p>127566 Москва, Северный бульвар, д. 3к1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Evgenov.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.evgenov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Наталия Николаевна—д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Petrova.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrova_nn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Нейроцентр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Neurocenter»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ноздрачев Д.И., Марачев М.П., Евгенов П.С., Петрова Н.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ноздрачев Д.И., Марачев М.П., Евгенов П.С., Петрова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nozdrachev D.I., Marachev M.P., Evgenov P.S., Petrova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/1171">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/1171</self-uri><abstract><p>Бурный рост технологии искусственного интеллекта не оставил в стороне медицину, в том числе психиатрию. Современные нейросети, в особенности большие языковые модели, претендуют на возможность постановки диагноза, назначения лечения и оценки прогноза на основе анамнестических и клинических данных. Возможности нейронных сетей в выявлении скрытых закономерностей уже сейчас делают их незаменимым компонентом научной работы, и в скором времени ожидается трансляция этих наработок в клиническую практику; широкие перспективы технология искусственного интеллекта демонстрирует в медицинском образовании. Настоящее исследование (анализ клинического случая) было посвящено оценке возможностей нейросети ChatGPT-4 в клиническом разборе пациента с психическим расстройством с симптоматикой преимущественно аффективного характера.</p><p>Сравнение анализа клинической информации психиатрами-экспертами и большой языковой моделью показало высокие возможности последней в формулировке психиатрического диагноза в рамках современного операционального подхода, и в обосновании алгоритма терапии и прогноза траектории расстройства на основе доказательного подхода; вместе с тем нейросети на данный момент своего развития не могут в полной мере реализовать структурно-динамический и феноменологический анализ клинической картины, что существенно ограничивает точность диагностики. Данный клинический случай иллюстрирует важность учёта в диагностической работе не только формально предъявляемых пациентом жалоб, но и культурно-психологической специфики концептуализации им своих феноменологических переживаний, внутреннего опыта; оценка субъективного опыта одновременно в биопсихосоциальном контексте и темпоральной динамике позволяет наиболее точно установить нозологический диагноз. Перспективными видятся работы по «нейроморфизации» нейронных сетей и приближении их аналитического аппарата к паттернам мышления человека.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has led to its integration into various fields, including medicine, including psychiatry. Modern neural networks, such as neural networks and large language models (LLMs), claim to be able to diagnose, prescribe treatments, and predict the course of mental disorders based on historical and clinical data. The capabilities of neural networks in identifying hidden patterns make them an essential component of scientific research, and these advances are expected to be implemented in clinical practice in the near future. Artificial intelligence technology shows great potential in medical education. This study was conducted to evaluate the capabilities of ChatGPT-4-based system in the clinical analysis of a patient with a mental disorder. The analysis involved comparing the results of the LLM’s analysis of clinical data with psychiatrists’ clinical analysis. The findings showed that the LLM demonstrated high potential in formulating psychiatric diagnoses within an operational framework and supporting the algorithm for therapy and prognosis based on evidence-based approach. However, at the current stage of development, neural networks are unable to fully implement dynamic and phenomenological analysis of the clinical case, which significantly limits the accuracy of diagnostics. This clinical case emphasizes the importance of considering patients’ cultural and psychological background when conceptualizing their phenomenological experiences. Assessing subjective experience in a biopsychosocial context and considering temporal dynamics allows for the most accurate diagnosis. The work on «neuromorphizing» neural networks and adapting their analytical apparatus to human thinking patterns seems promising.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>большие данные</kwd><kwd>система поддержки принятия медицинских решений</kwd><kwd>клинико-психопатологический подход</kwd><kwd>клинический разбор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>big data</kwd><kwd>clinical decision support system</kwd><kwd>phenomenological psychopathology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобров А.Е. Структура психических расстройств у пациентов амбулаторной психотерапевтической практики и возможность разработки системы поддержки клинических решений. 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