bekhterevОбозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.БехтереваV.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY2313-70532713-055XV. M. BEKHTEREV NATIONAL RESEARCH MEDICAL CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH10.31363/2313-7053-2025-4-2-1099bekhterev-1247Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWГены-кандидаты воспаления и их роль в патогенезе шизофрении: современные научные данныеInflammation-related genes and their role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia: current scientific evidencehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-2388ОтмаховА. П.OtmakhovA. P.

Отмахов Андрей Павлович – ассистент кафедры психиатрии и психотерапии с клиникой Института медицинского образования

197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Andrey P. Otmakhov   

Saint Petersburg

otmakhov_a@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7519-436XБакировЛ. Р.BakirovL. R.

Бакиров Линар Рифкатович - к.м.н., доцент кафедры психиатрии, наркологии и психотерапии

450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Linar R. Bakirov 

Ufa

Blr.ufa@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-4206НезнановН. Г.NeznanovN. G.

Незнанов Николай Григорьевич – д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, директор; заведующий кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии

192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3

197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8

Nikolai G. Neznanov   

Saint Petersburg

spbinst@bekhterev.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7148-4485АсадуллинА. Р.AsadullinA. R.

Асадуллин Азат Раилевич - д.м.н., профессор кафедры психиатрии, наркологии и психотерапии; профессор кафедры психиатрии, наркологии, психотерапии и клинической психологии

450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

410012, г. Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112

Azat R. Asadullin  

Ufa

Saratov

droar@yandex.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. АлмазоваРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian FederationБашкирский Государственный Медицинский УниверситетРоссияBashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. ПавловаРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology; I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical UniversityRussian FederationБашкирский Государственный Медицинский Университет; Саратовский ГМУ им. В. И. РазумовскогоРоссияBashkir State Medical University; Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. RazumovskyRussian Federation202510012026594-23850Copyright © Отмахов А.П., Бакиров Л.Р., Незнанов Н.Г., Асадуллин А.Р., 20262026Отмахов А.П., Бакиров Л.Р., Незнанов Н.Г., Асадуллин А.Р.Otmakhov A.P., Bakirov L.R., Neznanov N.G., Asadullin A.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/1247

Цель. Целью аналитического обзора стали поиск, анализ и обобщение данных об ассоциациях генов-кандидатов воспаления и их влиянии на патогенез и клинические проявления шизофрении. Материалы и методы. Проводился поиск оригинальных исследований, систематических обзоров литературы и мета-анализов в базах Google Scholar, PubMed и eLIBRARY.ru. Включались публикации за период с 1 января 2017 года по 31 декабря 2024 года без языковых ограничений, посвящённые генетическим аспектам воспаления в контексте шизофрении. Результаты. Обзор подтвердил значимую роль генетических ассоциаций воспаления в патогенезе шизофрении. Полиморфизмы генов, кодирующих провоспалительные и противовоспалительные молекулы (IL6, IL10, IL1B, IL28B, TNF-α, HLA, VEGF-A, NF-κB), ассоциированы с риском заболевания, клиническими проявлениями и изменениями структуры мозга. Также отмечена роль генетической регуляции воспалительных механизмов в формировании нарушений нейропластичности, проницаемости гематоэнцефалического барьера и окислительного стресса при шизофрении. Заключение. Наш обзор подтверждает значимую роль генетических ассоциаций воспалительных механизмов в патогенезе шизофрении. Наследственная предрасположенность к дисбалансу иммунного ответа может влиять на развитие, тяжесть и течение заболевания.

Objective. The aim of this analytical review was to search, analyze, and summarize data on associations of inflammatory candidate genes and their effect on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of schizophrenia. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted for original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses in the databases Google Scholar, PubMed, and eLIBRARY.ru. The inclusion criteria encompassed publications from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2024, without language restrictions, focusing on the genetic aspects of inflammation in the context of schizophrenia. Results. The review confirmed the significant role of inflammatory genetic associations in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Polymorphisms in genes encoding pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules (IL6, IL10, IL1B, IL28B, TNF-α, HLA, VEGF-A, NF-κB) were found to be associated with disease risk, clinical symptoms, and brain structure alterations. Additionally, genetic regulation of inflammatory processes appears to contribute to impaired neuroplasticity, blood–brain barrier permeability, and oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Conclusion. Our review highlights the critical role of genetic associations related to inflammatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. A hereditary predisposition to immune response imbalance may influence the development, severity, and course of the disorder.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.