bekhterevОбозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.БехтереваV.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY2313-70532713-055XV. M. BEKHTEREV NATIONAL RESEARCH MEDICAL CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH10.31363/2313-7053-2026-3-1257bekhterev-1426Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯINVESTIGATIONSАссоциация полиморфизмов генов серотонин-, дофамини норадреналинергических нейромедиаторных систем с параметрами ночного сна и дневной сонливостью у подростковAssociation of polymorphisms of genes encoding serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems with parameters of night sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescentshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859ТерещенкоС. Ю.TereshchenkoS. Yu.

Терещенко Сергей Юрьевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий клиническим отделением соматического и психического здоровья детей НИИ МПС

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3 Г

Sergey Yu. Tereshchenko

Krasnoyarsk

legise@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-0429АфоничеваК. В.AfonichevaK. V.

Афоничева Ксения Васильевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточно-молекулярной физиологии и патологии НИИ МПС

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3 Г

Kseniya V. Afonicheva

Krasnoyarsk

kseniya.kopylova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6724-1058ШубинаМ. В.ShubinaM. V.

Шубина Маргарита Валерьевна - младший научный сотрудник клинического отделения соматического и психического здоровья детей НИИ МПС

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3 Г

Margarita V. Shubina

Krasnoyarsk

marg-shubina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-0694ГорбачеваН. Н.GorbachevaN. N.

Горбачева Нина Николаевна - старший научный сотрудник клинического отделения соматического и психического здоровья детей НИИ МПС

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3 Г

Nina N. Gorbacheva

Krasnoyarsk

n-n-gorbacheva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029СмольниковаМ. В.SmolnikovaM. V.

Смольникова Марина Викторовна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточно-молекулярной физиологии и патологии НИИ МПС

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3 Г

Marina V. Smolnikova

Krasnoyarsk

smarinv@ya.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияFederal Research Center «Krasnoyarsk Science Center» of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2026200720266038393Copyright © Терещенко С.Ю., Афоничева К.В., Шубина М.В., Горбачева Н.Н., Смольникова М.В., 20262026Терещенко С.Ю., Афоничева К.В., Шубина М.В., Горбачева Н.Н., Смольникова М.В.Tereshchenko S.Y., Afonicheva K.V., Shubina M.V., Gorbacheva N.N., Smolnikova M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/1426

Нарушения сна широко распространены среди подростков и ассоциированы с повышенным риском академической неуспеваемости, аффективных расстройств и поведенческих проблем. Индивидуальные различия в параметрах сна частично обусловлены генетическими факторами, в частности, полиморфизмами генов нейромедиаторных систем, участвующих в регуляции цикла сонбодрствование. Цель. Проанализировать ассоциации параметров ночного сна и дневной сонливости с полиморфными участками девяти кандидатных генов серотонин-, дофамини норадреналинергических нейромедиаторных систем ( MAOA, HTR1A, HTR1A2, COMT, DRD2, DRD4, DBH, SLC6A4, SLC6A2 ) у российских подростков. Материал и методы. Обследовано 839 подростков-европеоидов 12-18 лет (средний возраст 14.38±1.92 года, мальчики/девочки 45.4%/54.6%). Параметры ночного сна оценивались с использованием отдельных вопросов Питтсбургского опросника качества сна, дневная сонливость с помощью “Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale”. Генотипирование проводилось методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени с использованием зондов TaqMan. Статистический анализ выполнен с применением программы SNPStats с оценкой различных моделей наследования и расчетом отношения шансов с 95% доверительными интервалами.

Результаты. Выявлена значимая ассоциация аллеля T полиморфизма rs1137070 гена моноаминоксидазы А с экстремально короткой продолжительностью ночного сна (менее 6 часов; отношение шансов (ОШ) 1.41; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1.09-1.81; p=0.008) и повышенной дневной сонливостью (ОШ 1.29; 95% ДИ 1.05-1.60; p=0.018). Аллель T полиморфизма rs1800497 (TaqIA) гена дофаминового рецептора D2/ANKK1 продемонстрировал протективный эффект в отношении частых ночных пробуждений (ОШ 0.69; 95% ДИ 0.52-0.92; p=0.0098). Заключение. Установленные генетические ассоциации указывают на существенный вклад наследуемых индивидуальных различий в функционировании моноаминергических нейромедиаторных систем в регуляцию сна у подростков.

Sleep disorders are common among adolescents and are associated with an increased risk of academic failure, affective disorders, and behavioral problems. Individual differences in sleep parameters are partly due to genetic factors, polymorphisms of genes of neurotransmitter systems involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. Objective. To analyze the associations of nighttime sleep parameters and daytime sleepiness with polymorphic regions of nine candidate genes of serotonin-, dopamine-, and noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems ( MAOA, HTR1A, HTR1A2, COMT, DRD2, DRD4, DBH, SLC6A4, SLC6A2 ) in Russian adolescents. Materials and methods.896 Caucasian adolescents aged 12-18 years (mean age 14.38±1.92 years, boys/girls 45.4%/54.6%) were examined. Nighttime sleep parameters were assessed using selected questions from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan probes. Statistical analysis was performed using the SNPStats program with evaluation of various inheritance Results. models and calculation of odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A significant association was found between the T allele of the rs1137070 polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A gene and extremely short nighttime sleep duration (less than 6 hours; odds ratio (OR)1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.091.81; p=0.008) and increased daytime sleepiness (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.05-1.60; p=0.018). The T allele of the rs1800497 (TaqIA) polymorphism of the dopamine receptor D2/ANKK1gene demonstrated a protective effect against frequent nighttime awakenings (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.52-0.92; p=0.0098). Conclusion. The established genetic associations indicate a significant contribution of heritable individual differences in the functioning of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems to sleep regulation in adolescents.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.