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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фармакогенетические аспекты наркологических заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacogenetic aspects of substance use disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кибитов</surname><given-names>Александр Олегович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kibitov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">druggen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии» Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кибитов А.О., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кибитов А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kibitov A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/160">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/160</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезни зависимости от психоактивных веществ (ПАВ) представляют собой «фармакогенетические» заболевания, развивающиеся в результате патологической и генетически обусловленной реакции ЦНС на осознанное и регулируемое индивидуумом самостоятельно, употребление фармакологического агента - ПАВ. Генетические различия в фармакодинамике ПАВ могут формировать индивидуальный уровень генетического риска развития болезней зависимости от ПАВ, который можно рассчитать при условии выявления валидных генетических маркеров, отличающих «респондеров» (заболевших) от «нонреспондеров» (здоровых). Дальнейшие генетические исследования в наркологии на основе строгого доказательного дизайна и патогенетического подхода к формированию генетической панели с включением генов дофаминовой и опиоидной систем помогут оценить: 1) генетическое влияние на эффекты ПАВ, зависящие от уровня генетического риска; 2) сам уровень генетического риска; 3) влияние генетических вариантов на эффективность фармакотерапии заболевания. Необходимо учитывать влияние этнической принадлежности, пола и возраста пациентов, сопутствующих соматических и психических заболеваний, сочетанного приема других препаратов и разных видов ПАВ, толерантности, низкого комплайенса при отсутствии объективных лабораторных тестов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The substance use disorders Diseases of substance dependence (SAW) represent the «pharmacogenetic» diseases caused by abnormal and genetically determined response of the CNS to use of the substance of abuse (SA), conscious and regulated by person itself. Genetic differences in the pharmacodynamics of SA can shape the individual level of genetic risk for disease, which can be calculated, provided valid identification of genetic markers that distinguish the «responders» (ill) from «non-responders» (healthy). Further genetic studies in addiction using strict evidence-based design and pathogenetic panel with dopamine and opioid genes will help to assess: 1) the genetic influence on the effects of SA, depending on the level of genetic risk; 2) to assess the level of genetic risk itself; 3) the effect of genetic variants on the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy of the disease. It is necessary to consider the impact of ethnicity, gender and age of patients, concomitant somatic and mental illness, combined administration of other medicines and variety of substances of abuse, tolerance, poor compliance in the absence of objective laboratory tests.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наркология</kwd><kwd>генетика</kwd><kwd>наследственность</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>генетический риск</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>опиоидные рецепторы</kwd><kwd>дофамин</kwd><kwd>drug and alcohol abuse</kwd><kwd>genetics</kwd><kwd>heredity</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>genetic risk</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>opioid receptors</kwd><kwd>dopamine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анохина И.П. 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