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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2018-2-36-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЙ КЛУБ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TALKING SHOP</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективность применения нелинейной стимуляционной терапии в лечении травматических повреждений головного мозга и поддержании когнитивных функций у пожилых лиц</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perspective of application of nonlinear stimulation therapy in the treatment of traumatic brain injuries and maintenance of cognitive functions in the elderly</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zueva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">visionlab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Московский НИИ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Helmholtz research Institute of Eye Diseases Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зуева М.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зуева М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zueva M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/193">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/193</self-uri><abstract><p>Когнитивное снижение характеризует нормальное физиологическое старение и усугубляется при развитии связанной с возрастом нейродегенеративной патологии и травматическом повреждении головного мозга. В обзоре анализируются широко дискутируемые в научной литературе немедикаментозные методы реабилитации пациентов с ЧМТ и пожилых лиц, страдающих от когнитивного снижения, включая парадигму обогащения среды, когнитивные и физические тренировки, различные виды стимуляционной терапии и их недостатки. Отдельное внимание уделено преимуществам фрактальной стимуляции головного мозга сложноструктурированными оптическими сигналами и сенсорными стимулами другой модальности. Предполагается, что использование новых подходов к нейрореабилитации, повышающих потенциал нейропластичности, также позволит усилить терапевтическое и обучающее воздействие любых других методов тренировок и лечения головного мозга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cognitive decline characterizes normal physiological aging and is aggravated by the development of age-related neurodegenerative pathology and traumatic brain damage (TBI). Te review analyzes widely discussed in the scientifc literature non-drug methods of rehabilitation of patients with TBI and elderly people suﬀering from cognitive decline, including the paradigm of enrichment of the environment, cognitive and physical training and various types of stimulation therapy and their shortcomings. Special attention is paid to the advantages of fractal stimulation of the brain by complex-structured optical signals and sensory stimuli of another modality. It is assumed that the use of new approaches to neurorehabilitation, which increase the potential of neuroplasticity will also allow strengthening the therapeutic and learning impacts of any other methods of training and treating the brain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>травматическое повреждение головного мозга</kwd><kwd>нейропластичность</kwd><kwd>нейрореабилитация</kwd><kwd>фрактальная стимуляционная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>neuroplasticity</kwd><kwd>neurorehabilitation</kwd><kwd>fractal stimulation therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alwis D.S., Rajan R. Environmental enrichment and the sensory brain: the role of enrichment in remediating brain injury // Front. Syst. 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