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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2020-2-87-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-426</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Психологические реакции населения как фактор адаптации к пандемии COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychological reactions of the population as a factor of adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокин Михаил Юрьевич—к.м.н., младший научный сотрудник отделения интегративной фармако-психотерапии больных с психическими расстройствами</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.sorokin@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касьянов</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasyanov</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касьянов Евгений Дмитриевич—аспирант, младший научный сотрудник отделения эндокринологической психиатрии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ohkasyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рукавишников</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rukavishnikov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рукавишников Григорий Викторович—к.м.н., научный сотрудник отделения эндокринологической психиатрии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigory_v_r@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаревич</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarevich</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаревич Ольга Владимировна—младший научный сотрудник отделения интегративной фармако-психотерапии больных с психическими расстройствами</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lysska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Незнанов</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neznanov</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Незнанов Николай Григорьевич—д.м.н., профессор, директор</p><p>научный руководитель отделения гериатрической психиатрии, зав. кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spbinstb@bekhterev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лутова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лутова Наталия Борисовна—д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, руководитель отделения ин- тегративной фармако-психотерапии больных с психическими расстройствами</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lutova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазо</surname><given-names>Г. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazo</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазо Галина Элевна—д.м.н., ученый секретарь, руководитель отделения эндокринологической психиатрии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina-mazo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Минздрава России; &#13;
ФГБОУ «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry; &#13;
I.P. Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокин М.Ю., Касьянов Е.Д., Рукавишников Г.В., Макаревич О.В., Незнанов Н.Г., Лутова Н.Б., Мазо Г.Э., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокин М.Ю., Касьянов Е.Д., Рукавишников Г.В., Макаревич О.В., Незнанов Н.Г., Лутова Н.Б., Мазо Г.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokin M.Y., Kasyanov E.D., Rukavishnikov G.V., Makarevich O.V., Neznanov N.G., Lutova N.B., Mazo G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/426">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/426</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из многочисленных негативных последствий пандемии COVID-19 является «вторая эпидемия» негативных психологических эффектов</p><p>Целью исследования было определить социально-психологические факторы, ассоциированные с адаптивным поведением населения.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: проведено он-лайн анкетирование 1957 русскоговорящих респондентов старше 18 лет в период с 30.03.2020 по 05.04.2020. Уровень тревожного дистресса определялся по Шкале психологического стресса (PSM-25). Использовали дисперсионный анализ. Для выявленных достоверных различий (p&lt;0.05) размеры эффектов (SE) оценивались по критериям Cohen’s d и Cramer’s V.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Повышенный уровень психологического стресса был ассоциирован с соблюдением самоизоляции (SE=0.13), использованием социального дистанцирования (SE=0.14) и применением антисептиков (SE=0.11), а также был повышен у лиц, обращавшихся за новостями о коронавирусе чаще одного или двух раз в день (SE=0.11). При этом частота обращений за информацией о COVID-19 была нелинейно связана с наличием опасений за собственную жизнь. Переживания о доступности средств ащиты в свободной продаже были специфически связаны с соблюдением мер самоизоляции (SE=0.1), а сочетание волнений по поводу заразности вируса и недоступности лекарств для ежедневного приёма—с принципами социального дистанцирования (соответственно, SE=0.12 и SE=0.11). Кроме того, наличие волнений об отсутствии специфического лечения COVID-19, опасности для собственной жизни, заразности вируса и дефиците средств защиты—были ассоциированы с формированием защитного поведения, связанного с гигиеной рук (соответственно, SE=0.12, SE=0.12, SE=0.11, SE=0.11). В отношении ношения маски существенным было наличие тех же сюжетов волнения, что и для поведения, связанного с гигиеной рук, однако их взаимосвязь была обратной (соответственно, SE=0.13, SE=0.12, SE=0.14, SE=0.15). Наиболее распространённый тип переживаний—страх за близких—не был специфически связан с определёнными типами поведения и сопровождал каждый его вариант.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: Психологические реакции населения, связанные с распространением пандемии COVID-19, специфически ассоциированы с адаптивным поведением в процессе противоэпидемических мероприятий.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the many negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic is the “secondary epidemic” of negative psychological effects</p><p>The aim of the study was to identify socio-psychological factors associated with adaptive behavior in the population.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: an on-line survey of 1957 Russian-speaking respondents over 18 years old was performed from 30.03.2020 to 05.04.2020. The level of anxiety distress was verified with the psychological stress scale (PSM-25). Dispersion analyses were used (p&lt;0.05). The size of the effects (SE) was evaluated according to Cohen’s d and Cramer’s V criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Increased levels of psychological stress were associated with self-isolation (SE=0.13), social distanc- ing (SE=0.14) and antiseptic usage (SE=0.11). The scores of psychological stress were higher in individuals who search the media for coronavirus news more than once or twice a day (SE=0.11). At the same time, the fre- quency of requests for information about COVID-19 was not linearly associated to the individuals fears for their own lives. The concerns about the availability of protective equipment were specifically associated to compliance with self-isolation measures (SE=0.1). The combination of concerns about the contagiousness of the virus and the unavailability of medication for daily intake were associated with the principles of social distance (SE=0.12 and SE=0.11 respectively). Moreover, concerns about the lack of specific treatment for COVID-19, the danger to one’s own life, the contagiousness of the virus and the lack of protective equipment were associated with the protective behaviours related to hand hygiene (SE=0.12, SE=0.12, SE=0.11, SE=0.11 respectively). Wearing a mask was characterized by the same anxiety patterns as hand hygiene, but their association was inverse (respectively SE=0.13, SE=0.12, SE=0.14, SE=0.15). The most common type of anxious experience—fear for the health of relatives—was not specifically associated with certain types of behavior and accompanied each of its variants.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Psychological reactions of the population to the COVID-19 pandemic are specifically associated with adaptive behavior in the dynamics of anti-epidemic measures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>психическое здоровье</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>психологический стресс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>pandemia</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>mental health</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>psychological stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“В России выявили двух первых больных коронавирусом”. 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