<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2020-3-64-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-464</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деменции позднего возраста: от диагноза до исхода</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dementia in old age: from diagnosis to fatal outcome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Наталия Михайловна—доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">MikhaylovaNM@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Ольга Николаевна—кандидат медицинских наук, врач-психиатр</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">o.sokolova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Mental health research centre»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова Н.М., Соколова О.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Н.М., Соколова О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova N.M., Sokolova O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/464">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/464</self-uri><abstract><p>Общеизвестно, что деменции позднего возраста неуклонно прогрессируют и неизбежно приводят к смертельному исходу. Показатели смертности в зарубежных исследованиях значительно варьируются, в отечественных—практически отсутствуют, а данные официальной статистики по заболеваемости деменцией и причинам смерти не отражают реальное положение.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести анализ завершённых случаев деменции позднего возраста из материала наблюдений в Альцгеймеровском центре Научного центра психического здоровья.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы: Сплошное обсервационное исследование с использованием проспективного метода амбулаторного наблюдения больных деменцией, впервые обратившихся в Альцгеймеровский центр в 2007-2016 гг., позволило получить достоверные сведения о 217 пациентах, умерших за этот период.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Более одной трети этих случаев (39%) относились к нозологически различным деменциям с ранним началом заболевания. Причиной смерти более чем в половине случаев (58%) была соматическая патология. У остальных больных к концу жизни в условиях домашнего ухода была тяжёлая или терминальная стадия основного заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Целостное представление о картине деменций позднего возраста—от начала до летального исхода—необходимо для создания регистров заболеваемости и получения научно обоснованных статистических показателей сроков дожития, смертности и причин смерти. Отдельного рассмотрения заслуживают меры помощи семьям больных с тяжелой/терминальной стадией деменции, создание амбулаторной и стационарной сети хосписов для этого контингента больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: It is well known, that old age dementias steadily grow progressively worse and inevitably lead to fatal outcome. Mortality indices in foreign research largely vary, they are practically absent in domestic scientific studies, and official statistical data on the prevalence of dementia and the cause of death do not reflect the real situation. The Objective of the study was to perform the analysis of completed cases of late age dementias from the materials of observations in Alzheimer’s disease center of the Mental Health Research Center.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and Methods</title><p>Patients and Methods: Observational study, using prospective method of out-patient observation of subjects with dementias, who consulted Alzheimer’s disease center in 2007-2016 for the first time, made it possible to obtain reliable data on 217 patients, who died during this period.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: More than one third of such cases (39%) referred to nosologically various dementias with an early onset of the disease. In more than half of the cases (58%) the cause of death was medical pathology. In the rest of the patients severe or terminal stage of the basic disease was noticed toward the end of life under conditions of home care.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Holistic view of the clinical picture of old age dementias (from the onset of the disease till the fatal outcome) is necessary for creation of incidence registers and obtaining of science-based statistical indices of survival, mortality and causes of death. It is necessary to develop measures of assistance to families of patients with the most severe stage of dementias, creation of out-patient and in-patient network of hospices for this contingent of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поздний возраст</kwd><kwd>деменция</kwd><kwd>Альцгеймеровский центр</kwd><kwd>обсервационное исследование</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>причины смерти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>old age</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease center</kwd><kwd>observational study</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>causes of death</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богачева В.А., Захаров Д.В., Михайлов В.А., Шу- бина Ю.В. Качество жизни пациентов с дро- жательной формой болезни Паркинсона. Обо- зрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии им. В.М. Бехтерева. 2015; 1:33–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatolina MA Samorodskaya IV, Boytsov SA. Mortality and lost years of life as a result of Alzheimer’s disease in Russia. Psihiatriya. 2014; 61(1):47- 51. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богачева В.А., Коцюбинская Ю.В., Михайлов В.А., Алексеева Т.С. Комплаенс при болезни Паркинсона с позиции биосоциальной концепции. Неврологический вестник. 2019; 51:1:20– 24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavrilova S.I. Demenciya V kn.: Rukovodstvo po geriatricheskoj psihiatrii. pod red. prof. S.I. Gavrilovoj. M.: MEDprecs-inform; 2020: 34-106. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Залялова З.А. Дрожательные фенотипы болезни Паркинсона. В кн.: Болезнь Паркинсона и расстройства движений. Под ред. С.Н. Ил- лариошкина, О.С. Левина. М.: НЦН РАМН; 2011:55–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavrilova SI, Kolyhalov IV. Development of the standard therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. Sovremennaya terapiya v psihiatrii i nevrologii. 2012; 1:5-10. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Караваева Т.А., Колотильщикова Е.А., Мизинова Е.Б. Изменение психотерапевтических и реабилитационных стратегий при лечении невротических расстройств в условиях социально-экономических перемен. Часть 2. Изменение психологических характеристик у больных с невротическими расстройствами в последние три десятилетия. Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М. Бехтерева. 2010; 3:62–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolykhalov IV. The ways to improve the effectiveness of Alzheimer’s disease treatment. Psihiatriya. 2014; 1(61):44-48. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Караваева Т.А., Коцюбинский А.П. Холистическая диагностика пограничных психических расстройств. СПб.; 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maksimova NE. Clinical and followup examination of a dispensary “cohort” of latementally ill patients. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2001; 101(4):53-54. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костенко Е.В. Комплексная реабилитация пациентов с болезнью Паркинсона. В кн.: Е.В. Костенко, Т.М. Маневич, Л.В. Петрова. Лечебное дело. 2014; 1:63–78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova NM. Dementia of Old Age: Mortality and Survival. Psihiatriya. 2019; 17(2):54-67. (in Russ.). doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2019-17-2-54-67</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С. Болезнь Паркинсона как нейропсихиатрическое заболевание. В кн.: О.С. Левин. Неврология/Ревматология; 2011; 2:18–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova NM, Gavrilova SI. Alzheimer’s Disease Center: Innovation model of outpatient assistance for the elderly patients with cognitive disorders and dementia. Psihiatriya. 2015; 3(67):42-51. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шток В.Н., Левин О.С., Федорова Н.В. Экстрапирамидные расстройства. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Медицинское информационное агент- ство; 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mishhenko TS, Dmitrieva EV. Sosudistaja demencija: diagnostika, lechenie i profilaktika. Mezhdunarodnyj nevrologicheskij zhurnal. 2006; 2(6):16-20. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neznanov NG, Kruglov LS. Methodological aspects of constatation of Alzheimer disease as a cause of death in the elderly. Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii imeni V.M. Bekhtereva. 2019; 4-2:14-18. (In Russ.). doi: 10.31363/2313-7053-2019-4-2-14-18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neznanov NG, Kruglov LS. Methodological aspects of constatation of Alzheimer disease as a cause of death in the elderly. Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii imeni V.M. Bekhtereva. 2019; 4-2:14-18. (In Russ.). doi: 10.31363/2313-7053-2019-4-2-14-18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Connors MH, Ames D, Boundy K, Clarnette R, Kurrle S, Mander A, Ward J, Woodward M, Bro- daty H. Predictors of Mortality in Dementia: The PRIME Study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2016; 52(3):967-974. doi: 10.3233/jad-150946</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Connors MH, Ames D, Boundy K, Clarnette R, Kurrle S, Mander A, Ward J, Woodward M, Bro- daty H. Predictors of Mortality in Dementia: The PRIME Study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2016; 52(3):967-974. doi: 10.3233/jad-150946</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cummings JL, Isaacson RS, Schmitt FA, Velting DM. A practical algorithm for managing Alzheimer’s disease: what, when, and why? Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2015; 2(3):307-323. doi: 10.1002/acn3.166</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cummings JL, Isaacson RS, Schmitt FA, Velting DM. A practical algorithm for managing Alzheimer’s disease: what, when, and why? Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2015; 2(3):307-323. doi: 10.1002/acn3.166</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fitzpatrick A L, Kullerb L H, Lopez O L, Kawas C H, Jaguste W. Survival following dementia onset: Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. J Neurological Sciences. 2005; 229:43-49. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.02</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fitzpatrick A L, Kullerb L H, Lopez O L, Kawas C H, Jaguste W. Survival following dementia onset: Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. J Neurological Sciences. 2005; 229:43-49. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.02</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helmer C, Joly P, Letenneur L, Commenges D, Dartigues JF. Mortality with Dementia: Results from a French Prospective Community-based Cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001; 154(7): 642-648. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.7.642</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helmer C, Joly P, Letenneur L, Commenges D, Dartigues JF. Mortality with Dementia: Results from a French Prospective Community-based Cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001; 154(7): 642-648. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.7.642</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kay DWK, Forster DP, Newens AJ. Long-term survival, place of death, and death certification in clinically diagnosed pre-senile dementia in northern England: Follow-up after 8-12 years. BJP. 2000; 177:156-162. doi: 10.1192/bjp.177.2.156</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kay DWK, Forster DP, Newens AJ. Long-term survival, place of death, and death certification in clinically diagnosed pre-senile dementia in northern England: Follow-up after 8-12 years. BJP. 2000; 177:156-162. doi: 10.1192/bjp.177.2.156</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Modrego PJ, Lobo A. Determinants of Progression and Mortality in Alzheimer’s disease: A Systematic Revie. Neuropsychiatry (London). 2018; 8(5):1465– 1475. doi: 0.4172/Neuropsychiatry.1000479</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Modrego PJ, Lobo A. Determinants of Progression and Mortality in Alzheimer’s disease: A Systematic Revie. Neuropsychiatry (London). 2018; 8(5):1465– 1475. doi: 0.4172/Neuropsychiatry.1000479</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savva GM, Wharton SB, Ince PG, Forster G, Matthews FE, Brayne C; Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Age, neuropathology and dementia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009; 360(22):2302-2309. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0806142</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savva GM, Wharton SB, Ince PG, Forster G, Matthews FE, Brayne C; Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Age, neuropathology and dementia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009; 360(22):2302-2309. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0806142</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiltz NK, Warner DF, Sun J, Smyth KA, Gravenstein S, Stange KC, Koroukian SM. The Influence of Multimorbidity on Leading Causes of Death in Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment. J Aging Health. 2019; 31(6):1025-1042. doi: 10.1177/0898264317751946</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiltz NK, Warner DF, Sun J, Smyth KA, Gravenstein S, Stange KC, Koroukian SM. The Influence of Multimorbidity on Leading Causes of Death in Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment. J Aging Health. 2019; 31(6):1025-1042. doi: 10.1177/0898264317751946</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Staekenborg SS, Pijnenburg YA, Lemstra AW, Scheltens P, Vd Flier WM. Dementia and Rapid Mortality: Who is at Risk? J Alzheimers Dis. 2016; 53(1):135-142. doi: 10.3233/JAD-151063</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Staekenborg SS, Pijnenburg YA, Lemstra AW, Scheltens P, Vd Flier WM. Dementia and Rapid Mortality: Who is at Risk? J Alzheimers Dis. 2016; 53(1):135-142. doi: 10.3233/JAD-151063</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steenland K, Macneil J, Seals R, Levey A. Factor Affecting Survival of Patients with Neurodegenereative Diseases. Neuroepidemioligy. 2010; 35:28- 35 doi:10.1159/000306055</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steenland K, Macneil J, Seals R, Levey A. Factor Affecting Survival of Patients with Neurodegenereative Diseases. Neuroepidemioligy. 2010; 35:28- 35 doi:10.1159/000306055</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zekry D, Herrmann FR, Graf CE, Giannelli S, Michel JP, Gold G, Krause KH. Mild cognitive impairment, degenerative and vascular dementia—hospital, short- and long-term mortality in the oldest old. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2011; 23(1):60-66. doi: 10.1007/BF03324953</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zekry D, Herrmann FR, Graf CE, Giannelli S, Michel JP, Gold G, Krause KH. Mild cognitive impairment, degenerative and vascular dementia—hospital, short- and long-term mortality in the oldest old. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2011; 23(1):60-66. doi: 10.1007/BF03324953</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
