<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2020-4-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-484</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности самостигматизации родственников психотических пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Internal stigma features at relatives of psychotic patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-7411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лутова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">lutova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-8289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаревич</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarevich</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">lysska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лутова Н.Б., Макаревич О.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лутова Н.Б., Макаревич О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lutova N.B., Makarevich O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/484">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/484</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы являлось изучение выраженности и структуры внутренней стигмы у родственников психотических пациентов, её взаимосвязь с социодемографическими факторами. В исследовании приняли участие 34 человека, опекающих пациентов с психотическими расстройствами (F2 и F3 по МКБ-10) Среди них: 26 — родители пациентов (23 — матери), 4 — супругов, 1 ребёнок, 3 сиблига. У близкого окружения больных собирались социо-демографические данные, проводился опрос с использованием шкалы SSI-F (Self-Stigma Family Inventory), позволяющей оценить структуру и интенсивность самостигматизации. В результате исследования было обнаружено, что интенсивность внутренней стигмы по субшкалам и суммарному баллу была низкой и ни по одному параметру не превышала порогового среднего значения в 2,5 балла. В 76,5% случаев опекающие лица были родителями пациентов, 67,7% из них — это матери больных. Обнаружена слабая положительная корреляция между (r=0,267; p=0,05) социальной самоизоляцией и возрастом опекающих лиц. Выявлены различия в интенсивности и структуре переживаний внутренней стигмы по гендерным, возрастным характеристикам, по позиции в семье по отношению к пациенту, наличию трудовой занятости и других опекаемых лиц помимо пациента. Проанализирована уязвимость в группах матерей и у лиц старше 50 лет, чувствительность к формированию внутренней стигмы по отдельным факторам у супругов, работающих лиц и родственников, имеющих на попечении других членов семьи, в том числе детей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to study the severity and structure of self-stigma in relatives ofpsychotic patients. The study recruited 34 people who take care for patients with psychotic disorders (F2 and F3 according to ICD-10). Among them: 26-parents of patients (26-mothers), 4-spouses, 3- siblings and 1 child. The socio-demographic data of patients’ relatives were collected, for self-stigma evaluation was used SSI-F (Self-Stigma Family Inventory), which allows assessing the severity and structure of the family self-stigma. As a result, of the study, it was found that the intensity (by sub-scales and general point) of the caregivers did not threshold the mean score 2,5. The majority of respondents (76,5%) were patients’ parents and in 67,7% — were mothers. The differences in structure and overall intensity in different groups (gender, age, family position, employment and presence of other persons for care (children)) were found. Mild positive correlation between subscale social withdrawal (SSI-F) and age was observed. Discussed: general self-stigma vulnerability in groups of mothers and in persons over 50 years of age were higher, than in other relatives’ groups; sensitivity of internal stigma formation in spouses, working persons and relatives taking care with other family members,including children, had specific features.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутренняя стигма</kwd><kwd>семейная стигма</kwd><kwd>психозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>self-stigma</kwd><kwd>family stigma</kwd><kwd>psychosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зверева Н.В., Рощина И.Ф. Проблемы семьи в контексте клинической психологии. Клиническая и специальная психология. 2012;1(1). URL: https://psyjournals.ru/psyclin/2012/n1/49967.shtml.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zvereva NV, Roschina IF. Family problems in the context of clinical psychology. Klinicheskajai Special’naja Psihologija 2012;1(1). URL: https:// psyjournals.ru/psyclin/2012/n1/49967.shtml (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коцюбинский А.П., Еричев А.Н., Бутома Б.Г. Актуальные задачи организации психиатрической помощи на современном этапе//Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии. 2012;3:9-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotsyubinskiy AP, Erichev AN, Butoma BG. Actual problems of the organization of the psychiatric care at present stage. Obozrenie Psihiatrii I Meditsinskoj Psihologii im. V.M. Bekhtereva. 2012;3:9-17. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Солоненко А.В. Клинико-психологические аспекты межличностных отношений в семьях пациентов с первым психотическим эпизодом и эффективность семейной психотерапии в повышении уровня социального функционирования пациентов. Автореферат дисс. док. мед. наук. M.: 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solonenko A.V. Kliniko-psihologicheskie aspekty mezhlichnostnyh otnoshenij v sem’jah pacientov s pervym psihoticheskim epizodom i effektivnost’ semejnoj psihoterapii v povyshenii urovnja social’nogo funkcionirovanija pacientov. Avtoreferat diss. doc. med. nauk. M.:2009. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Судьин С.А. Психически больной и его семья в теории и практике социологии психического здоровья. С.А. Судьин. Н. Новгород: НИСОЦ; 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sud’yin S.A. Psihicheski bol’noj i ego sem’ja v teorii i praktike sociologii psihicheskogo zdorov’ja. S.A. Sud’yin. N. Novgorod.: NISOTs; 2015. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юрьева Л.Н., Шустерман Т.И. Клинические и психологические особенности дезадаптации у родственников больных с первым психотическим эпизодом. Социальная и клиническая психиатрия. 2009;XIX(2):26-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yur’yeva LN, Shousterman TI. Clinical and psychological features of mental maladjustment in family members of patients with the first psychotic episode. Social’naja i Klinicheskaja Psihiatrija. 2009;XIX (2):26-31. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brady N, McCain G. “Living with Schizophrenia: A family perspective”. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in nursering. 2004;10(1). Doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol10No01HirshPsy01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brady N, McCain G. “Living with Schizophrenia: A family perspective”. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in nursering. 2004;10(1). Doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol10No01HirshPsy01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caqueo-Urízar A., Gutiérrez-Maldonado J., Fer-rer-García M., Penalosa-Salazar C., Richards-Araya D., Guarda-Peraita A. Attitudes and burden in relatives of patients with schizophrenia in a middle income country. BMC Family Practice. 2011;12:101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caqueo-Urízar A., Gutiérrez-Maldonado J., Fer-rer-García M., Penalosa-Salazar C., Richards-Araya D., Guarda-Peraita A. Attitudes and burden in relatives of patients with schizophrenia in a middle income country. BMC Family Practice. 2011;12:101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang C.C., Yen C.F., Jang F.L., Su J.A., Lin C.Y. Comparing affiliate stigma between family caregivers with different severe mental illness in Taiwan. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2017;205(7):542-549. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000671.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang C.C., Yen C.F., Jang F.L., Su J.A., Lin C.Y. Comparing affiliate stigma between family caregivers with different severe mental illness in Taiwan. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2017;205(7):542-549. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000671.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charles H., Manoranjitham S.D., Jacob K.S. Stigma and explanatory models among people with schizophrenia and their relatives in Vellore, south India.International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2007;53:325-332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charles H., Manoranjitham S.D., Jacob K.S. Stigma and explanatory models among people with schizophrenia and their relatives in Vellore, south India.International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2007;53:325-332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorner K. Der gate Arzt: Lehrbuchderarztlichen-Grundhaltung. Stuttgart. 2001. 334pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dorner K. Der gate Arzt: Lehrbuchderarztlichen-Grundhaltung. Stuttgart. 2001. 334pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernando S.M., Dean F.P., McLeod H.J., Davis E.L. A care burden and stigma in schizophrenia and affective disorders: Experiences from Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of psychiatry. 2017;26:77-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2017.01.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fernando S.M., Dean F.P., McLeod H.J., Davis E.L. A care burden and stigma in schizophrenia and affective disorders: Experiences from Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of psychiatry. 2017;26:77-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2017.01.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gilbert P. Shame, stigma and the family: Skeletins in the cupboard’ and the role of shame. In A. Grisp (Ed.) Every family in the land: Understanding prejudice and discrimination against people with mental illness / Royal Society of Medicine Ltd. 2004. London, UK. P. 123-128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gilbert P. Shame, stigma and the family: Skeletins in the cupboard’ and the role of shame. In A. Grisp (Ed.) Every family in the land: Understanding prejudice and discrimination against people with mental illness / Royal Society of Medicine Ltd. 2004. London, UK. P. 123-128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herman B.F., Jores J.E., Lack of acknowledgement in family Rorschachs of families with a child at risk for schizophrenia. Family Process. 1976;15:289-302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herman B.F., Jores J.E., Lack of acknowledgement in family Rorschachs of families with a child at risk for schizophrenia. Family Process. 1976;15:289-302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Y., Shao Y., Li H., Wang S., Ying J., Chang M. et al. Correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of people with mental illness: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 2019;26:49-61. DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12505.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi Y., Shao Y., Li H., Wang S., Ying J., Chang M. et al. Correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of people with mental illness: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 2019;26:49-61. DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12505.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shibre T., Negash A., Kullegren G. et al. Perception of stigma among family member of individuals with schizophrenia and major affective disorders in rural Ethiopia.Soc Psychiatry PsychiatrEpidemiol. 2001;36(6):299-303.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shibre T., Negash A., Kullegren G. et al. Perception of stigma among family member of individuals with schizophrenia and major affective disorders in rural Ethiopia.Soc Psychiatry PsychiatrEpidemiol. 2001;36(6):299-303.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snowden L.R., Yamada A. Cultural differences in access to care. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:143-166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snowden L.R., Yamada A. Cultural differences in access to care. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:143-166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thara R., Srinivasan T.N. How stigmatizing is schizophrenia in India.IntJSoc Psychiatry. 2000;46:135-141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thara R., Srinivasan T.N. How stigmatizing is schizophrenia in India.IntJSoc Psychiatry. 2000;46:135-141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yin Y., Zhang W., Hu Z., Jia F., Li Y., Xu H. Experiences of stigma and discrimination among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in China: A field survey. PLoSONE. 2014;9(9). e108527. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108527</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yin Y., Zhang W., Hu Z., Jia F., Li Y., Xu H. Experiences of stigma and discrimination among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in China: A field survey. PLoSONE. 2014;9(9). e108527. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108527</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yıldıza M., İncedereb A., Kirasa F., Abut F.B., Kırcalıb A., İpçi K. Development of Self-Stigma Inventory for Families of the patients with schizophrenia (SSI-F): validity and reliability study. Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1480858</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yıldıza M., İncedereb A., Kirasa F., Abut F.B., Kırcalıb A., İpçi K. Development of Self-Stigma Inventory for Families of the patients with schizophrenia (SSI-F): validity and reliability study. Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1480858</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
