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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2021-1-91-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-540</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюционная модель депрессии в период пандемии. Альянс психотерапии и фармакотерапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolutional depression model in the time of pandemic. Psychocherapy and psychopharmacotherapy alliance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5116-836X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasileva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annavdoc@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева; &#13;
Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology; &#13;
North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasileva A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/540">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/540</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены данные эпидемиологических исследований о распространенности депрессивных расстройств, а также динамика показателей эмоционального благополучия населения, распространенности аффективных расстройств в мире в период пандемии COVID 19, описываются характерные  тревожно-депрессивные  нарушения,  представлен  специфический  ковид-стресс  синдром. Особый акцент сделан на эволюционной модели депрессии как способе адаптации к неблагоприятно оцениваемым социальным жизненным обстоятельствам с ограниченным доступом к ресурсам жизнеобеспечения, к которым безусловно относится чрезвычайная ситуация пандемии. Приводятся данные исследований, объединяющих биологический и психодинамический подход, в частности, генетических особенностей серотонинэргической регуляции и уязвимости к средовым влияниям неблагоприятного раннего опыта с последующей манифестацией депрессивных нарушений. Представлены результаты исследования реципрокных отношений аффективных и иммунных нарушений и исследований иммунометаболического синдрома. Выделены особенности когнитивного функционирования пациентов с депрессивными расстройствами с описанием специфического ригидного когнитивного стиля склонности к руминациям, а также специфики других исполнительских когнитивных функций. Предложен алгоритм комбинированного лечения депрессивных нарушений, сочетающий применение антидепрессантов из группы СИОЗС и когнитивно-поведенческую психотерапию, программы когнитивной ремедиации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents epidemiological study data on depressive disorders prevalence and dynamic of the population emotional well-being and affective disorders incidence in the world during the COVID 19 pandemic. Typical anxiety-depressive states are described with the emphasis on the specific COVID 19 stress syndrome. The article highlights the depression evolutional model as an adaptation mode to the unfavorable defined environmental conditions with the limited life-supporting resources, the nowadays pandemic situation can be definitely considered as one of them. The research data uniting psychodynamic and biological approach are considered in particular genetic specific of the serotoninergic regulation and environmental influence of the early adverse experience vulnerability with the later depressive disorders manifestation Additionally the research results on the bidirectional relationships between affective and immunological disturbances with the immune-metabolic syndrome description are presented. The peculiarities of the depression patients cognitive functioning are identified with specific personal negative rigid cognitive style and executive cognitive functions consideration. The combined therapy algorithm including implementation of SSRI antidepressants and cognitive-behavior psychotherapy, cognitive remediation programs is proposed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>инсомния</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>антидепрессанты</kwd><kwd>лувоксамин</kwd><kwd>феварин</kwd><kwd>когнитивно-поведенческая психотерапия</kwd><kwd>когнитивная ремедиация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>insomnia</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>antidepressants</kwd><kwd>fluvoxamine</kwd><kwd>fevarin</kwd><kwd>cognitive behavior psychotherapy</kwd><kwd>cognitive remediation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александровский Ю.А., Чехонин В.П. 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