bekhterevОбозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.БехтереваV.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY2313-70532713-055XV. M. BEKHTEREV NATIONAL RESEARCH MEDICAL CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH10.31363/2313-7053-2021-55-2-52-61bekhterev-565Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯINVESTIGATIONSСтруктура тревожных переживаний и стресс как факторы готовности к вакцинации против коронавирусной инфекцииStructure of anxiety and stress as factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptancehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-6365Сорокинм. Ю.SorokinM. Y.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

m.sorokin@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-7411ЛутоваН. Б.LutovaN. B.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

lutova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7036-5927МазоГ. Э.MazoG. E.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

galina-mazo@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-4206НезнановН. Г.NeznanovN. G.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

spbinstb@bekhterev.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-2195КасьяновЕ. Д.KasyanovE. D.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

ohkasyan@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-2036РукавишниковГ. В.RukavishnikovG. V.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

grigory_v_r@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-8289МакаревичО. В.MakarevichO. V.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

lysska@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-986XХобейшМ. А.KhobeysM. А.

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

mariakhobeysh@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. БехтереваРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and NeurologyRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. ПавловаРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology; I.P. Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2021050820215525261Copyright © Сорокин м.Ю., Лутова Н.Б., Мазо Г.Э., Незнанов Н.Г., Касьянов Е.Д., Рукавишников Г.В., Макаревич О.В., Хобейш М.А., 20212021Сорокин м.Ю., Лутова Н.Б., Мазо Г.Э., Незнанов Н.Г., Касьянов Е.Д., Рукавишников Г.В., Макаревич О.В., Хобейш М.А.Sorokin M.Y., Lutova N.B., Mazo G.E., Neznanov N.G., Kasyanov E.D., Rukavishnikov G.V., Makarevich O.V., Khobeys M.А.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/565

Угрозы жизни и здоровью, а также кризис системы здравоохранения, связанные с пандемией COVID-19, определили ускоренную разработку вакцинных препаратов, но одновременно обусловили развитие неблагоприятных психологических последствий у населения.Цель исследования: выявление различий стресса, тревожных переживаний, защитных стратегий поведения и социально-демографических характеристик участников онлайн-опроса, сообщающих о противоположных установках в отношении вакцинации против SARS-CoV-2.Материал и методы. В декабре 2020г.—январе 2021г. обследовали 131 респондента (мужчин—21.4%); проживающих в городах-миллионниках (44.3%), крупных и крупнейших городах (32.8%), в малых, средних городах и сельской местности (22.9%). Использовали шкалу психологического стресса PSM-25, оригинальные опросники оценки связанных с пандемией источников волнения, стратегий защитного поведения и отдельный вопрос о согласии вакцинироваться. При достоверных межгрупповых различиях в ходе дисперсионного анализа (p≤0.05), проводили подсчёт размера эффектов (ES) по Cohen`s d и Cramer`s V.Результаты. У 47.3% выборки при показателях, превышающих пороговые 100 баллов, выявлена дистрессовая реакция на пандемию. Ведущим механизмом её развития был тревожный стресс. По сравнению с весной 2020 г. число сюжетов опасений, ассоциированных с существенным нарастанием стресса (ES≥0.34), увеличилось с двух до шести. Дистресс, а также страхи недоступности необходимых для ежедневного приёма препаратов, отсутствия специального лечения, тяжёлых социальных последствий и практика самоизоляции были ассоциированы с готовностью респондентов использовать лишь импортную вакцину (ES=0.3-0.5). Для формирования готовности к вакцинации любым препаратом стали существенны отсутствие чрезмерных опасений по поводу риска для собственной жизни, дефицита средств индивидуальной защиты и неготовность использовать перчатки в качестве меры профилактики инфицирования коронавирусом (ES=0.3-0.4). Мужчины позитивнее женщин относились к иммунизации (ES=0.3).Заключение: тревожный дистресс является существенным фактором формирования рационального отношения к вакцинации против новой коронавирусной инфекции.

Threats to life and health, the public health crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, have led to 1) accelerated development of vaccines, 2) adverse psychological reactions in the population.Aim: to identify differences in stress, anxiety, protective behavior strategies, and the socio-demographic characteristics of online survey participants, who reported opposing attitudes to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Materials and Methods. In December 2020-January 2021, 131 respondents were assessed (men—21.4%). The Psychological Stress Scale (PSM 25), original questionnaires to evaluate pandemic concerns and protective behavior strategies with special question about COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were used. Effect sizes obtained using Cohen’s d and Cramer’s V measures were calculated for groups, the differences between which were significant (p≤0.05).Results. A 47.3% sample, having PSM-25 rates above the threshold (100 points), showed a distress reaction to the pandemic due to anxiety stress. Compared to the spring of 2020, the number of concerns associated with a noticeable stress growth (ES≥0.34) increased from two to six. Psychological distress, concerns about the possible lack of medication for daily intake, harsh social consequences and self-isolation were associated with only foreign producer vaccine acceptance (ES=0.3-0.5). Absence of excessive fears for own life, concerns about the lack of personal protective equipment and unacceptance of gloves as a measure to prevent infection (ES=0.3-0.4) were important factors associated with any producer vaccine acceptance. Men, comparing to women, were more positive in vaccine acceptance.Conclusion. The anxiety distress is an important factor in the rational attitude to coronavirus infection vaccine.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.