bekhterevОбозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.БехтереваV.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY2313-70532713-055XV. M. BEKHTEREV NATIONAL RESEARCH MEDICAL CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH10.31363/2313-7053-2021-56-3-45-61bekhterev-584Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWЧастота встречаемости депрессивных расстройств у пациентов с шизофрениейThe incidence of depressive disorders in patients with schizophreniahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-6432НовицкийМ. А.NovitskiyM. A.

Новицкий Максим Александрович

Санкт-Петербург

Novitsky Maxim Alexandrovich

St-Petersburg

maximnovitsky93@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-837XШнайдерН. А.ShnayderN. A.

Шнайдер Наталья Алексеевна

Санкт-Петербург

Красноярск

Shnayder Natalia Alekseevna

St-Petersburg

Krasnoyarsk

naschnaider@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-9434НасыроваР. Ф.NasyrovaR. F.

Насырова Регина Фаритовна

Санкт-Петербург

Nasyrova Regina Faritovna

St-Petersburg

nreginaf77@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. БехтереваРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and NeurologyRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. Бехтерева; Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-ЯсенецкогоРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology; V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medica UniversityRussian Federation2021021020215534561Copyright © Новицкий М.А., Шнайдер Н.А., Насырова Р.Ф., 20212021Новицкий М.А., Шнайдер Н.А., Насырова Р.Ф.Novitskiy M.A., Shnayder N.A., Nasyrova R.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/584Резюме

Резюме. Исторически депрессивные расстройства описывались при различных формах шизофрении Крепелином (1923) или как реакция на болезнь Блейлером (1922). Одной из альтернативных точек зрения, которые рассматриваются в последние годы, состоит в том, что депрессивные расстройства являются коморбидным состоянием шизофрении или одним из проявлений шизофрении. Однако на сегодняшний день депрессия, как симптом, не входит в диагностические критерии МКБ-10. Методологические подходы к диагностике депрессивных расстройств у пациентов с шизофрений различаются в разных странах и исследовательских группах. Это влияет на показатели распространенности депрессивных расстройств у пациентов с шизофренией.

Цель

Цель. Изучение и систематизация исследований частоты встречаемости депрессивных расстройств у пациентов с шизофренией.

Методы

Методы. Был проведён анализ русскоязычной и зарубежной литературы с глубиной поиска 10 лет (2010–2020 гг.) в следующих базах данных: PubMed, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis Online, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, ScienceDirect и eLIBRARY.RU. Результаты. Всего найдено 51 исследование депрессивных расстройств у детей и взрослых с шизофренией.

Вывод

Вывод. Частота встречаемости депрессивных расстройств у больных шизофрении варьирует от 9,1 и до 100 %, средняя частота — 41,6 %. Их частота вариабельна и зависит от региона проживания и этнической принадлежности. Отмечается, что депрессивные расстройства у пациентов с шизофренией чаще регистрируются среди жителей Ближнего Востока (72,7%), России (61.8%) и Европы (39.6%), реже — среди жителей Юго-Восточной Азии (32%) и Тихоокеанского региона (37.3%). К странам с наибольшей частотой встречаемости депрессивных расстройств при шизофрении относятся: США, Германия, Китай; а к странам с наименьшей частотой — Дания, Израиль, ЮАР. Также хочется отметить, что наибольшее число проведенных исследований было в странах Европы (16 исследований с включением 36 928 больных с шизофренией), США (6 исследований с включением 2314 пациентов) и Российской Федерации (6 исследований с включением 582 больных). В целом, в мире, согласно проанализированному 51 исследованию, частота встречаемости депрессивных расстройств при шизофрении у мужчин выше, чем у женщин, хотя не во всех регионах мира гендерные различия достигали статистической значимости.

Summary. Introduction. Historically, depressive disorders have been described in various forms of schizophrenia by Kraepelin (1923) or as a reaction to illness by Bleuler (1922). One of the alternative points of view that has been considered in recent years is that depressive disorders are a comorbid condition of schizophrenia or one of the manifestations of schizophrenia. However, to date, depression, as a symptom, is not included in the diagnostic criteria of the ICD-10. Methodological approaches to diagnosing depressive disorders in patients with schizophrenia differ in different countries and research groups. This influences the prevalence rates of depressive disorders in schizophrenic patients. Purpose. The study and systematization of studies of the incidence of depressive disorders in patients with schizophrenia.Methods. Russian-language and foreign literature was analyzed with a search depth of 10 years (2010–2020) in the following databases: PubMed, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis Online, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Science Direct and eLIBRARY .RU.Results. A total of 51 studies of depressive disorders in children and adults with schizophrenia were found.Conclusion. The frequency of occurrence of depressive disorders in patients with schizophrenia varies from 9.1 and to 100%, the average frequency is 41.6%. Their frequency is variable and depends on the region of residence and ethnicity. It is noted that depressive disorders in patients with schizophrenia are more often recorded among residents of the Middle East (72.7%), Russia (61.8%) and Europe (39.6%), less often among residents of Southeast Asia (32%) and the Pacific region ( 37.3%). The countries with the highest incidence of depressive disorders in schizophrenia include: USA, Germany, China; and to the countries with the lowest frequency — Denmark, Israel, South Africa. Also, I would like to note that the largest number of studies conducted was in Europe (16 studies with 36 928 patients with schizophrenia), the USA (6 studies with 2314 patients) and the Russian Federation (6 studies with 582 patients). In general, in the world, according to 51 studies analyzed, the incidence of depressive disorders in schizophrenia in men is higher than in women, although gender differences did not reach statistical significance in all regions of the world.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.