bekhterevОбозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.БехтереваV.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY2313-70532713-055XV. M. BEKHTEREV NATIONAL RESEARCH MEDICAL CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH10.31363/2313-7053-2022-56-3-97-112bekhterev-724Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУGUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTITIONERАмбулаторная оценка в исследованиях и индивидуальном анализе случаев в психиатрии и психотерапииThe Ambulatory Assessment in Research and Individual Case Analysis in Psychiatry and Psychotherapyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-5346ПерреМ.PerrezM.

Meinrad Perrez

meinrad.perrez@unifr.chhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-2712ШёбиД.SchoebiD.

Dominik Schoebi

dominik.schoebi@unifr.chhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1925-8397АбабковВ. А.AbabkovV. A.

Valentin A. Ababkov

valababkov@mail.ruУниверситет г. ФрибургаШвейцарияFribourg UniversitySwitzerlandСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint-Petersburg State universityRussian Federation20221510202256397112Copyright © Перре М., Шёби Д., Абабков В.А., 20222022Перре М., Шёби Д., Абабков В.А.Perrez M., Schoebi D., Ababkov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/724

В данной статье представлен метод сбора данных, который имеет особое значение для исследований и индивидуального анализа опыта и поведения пациентов с психическими расстройствами. На многие вопросы невозможно адекватно ответить традиционными методами. В частности, обоснованность диагнозов и проверка гипотез о функциональной связи нарушенного поведения с предшествующими или сопутствующими внутренними и внешними условиями не могут быть полностью изучены с помощью традиционных инструментов. В последние десятилетия в психологии во многих областях активно используются анкеты (или интервью), которые, несмотря на экономию времени, считаются неподходящим инструментом сбора данных для многих типов вопросов. Это особенно верно, когда целью является изучение того, как люди чувствуют, думают и ведут себя в конкретные моменты времени в повседневной жизни. Для этой цели был разработан метод амбулаторной оценки.

В статье кратко описывается этот метод, его история и условия, при которых он особенно полезен или необходим в области психиатрии и психотерапии. В ней также дается представление об исследованиях амбулаторной оценки (АО) в области психиатрии и клинической психологии применительно к различным типам исследовательских вопросов. Наконец, обсуждаются ограничения, проблемы и возможности использования амбулаторной оценки. Расширенная библиография позволяет углубить знания в данной области.

The current article introduces a method of data collection that is of particular importance for research and individual case analysis of the experience and behavior of patients with mental disorders. Numerous questions cannot be adequately answered by conventional methods. In particular, the validity of diagnoses and the testing of hypotheses about the functional relationship of disturbed behavior with antecedent or concomitant internal and external conditions cannot be fully examined with traditional tools. In recent decades, psychology has strongly favored the use of the questionnaire (or interviews) in many domains, which, although economical in time, is considered an inappropriate data collection instrument for many types of questions. This is especially true when the aim is to investigate how people are actually feeling, thinking, and behaving at specific points in time in everyday life. For this purpose, Ambulatory Assessment (AA) was developed.

The article briefly describes the method, its history, and the conditions under which it is particularly useful or necessary in the field of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. It also offers insight into AA research in the field of psychiatry and clinical psychology with regard to different types of research questions. Finally, limitations, challenges and opportunities in using ambulatory assessment are discussed.

амбулаторная оценкапримеры исследованийкратковременная экологическаяAmbulatory AssessmentExperience SamplingEcological Momentary AssessmentDaily Diary MethodsReal Life AssessmentClinical PsychologyPsychiatryPsychotherapyEcological ValidityЭта статья является адаптированной и расширенной версией части публикации: Perrez M & Schoebi D. Das Ambulante Assessment (AA) in der Einzelfallanalyse. In: M Reicherts & PA Genoud (Eds.), Einzelfallanalyse in der psychosozialen Forschung und Praxis, 2015;85-111. Опубликованный здесь вариант адаптированной части сделан с любезного разрешения издательства ЗКС и редакции.This article is an adapted and expanded version of a part of the publication: Perrez M & Schoebi D. Das Ambulante Assessment (AA) in der Einzelfallanalyse. In: M Reicherts & PA Genoud (Eds.), Einzelfallanalyse in der psychosozialen Forschung und Praxis, 2015;85-111. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.