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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2022-4-63-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-750</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимосвязь клинических характеристик пациентов с алкогольной зависимостью с доминирующей мотивацией употребления алкоголя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The relationship between the clinical characteristics of patients with alcohol use disorder and drinking motives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6162-1511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климанова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimanova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Георгиевна Климанова, научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение терапии стационарных больных с аддиктивными расстройствами</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana G. Klimanova</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlanagkl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-0137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Андреевна Березина, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение терапии стационарных больных с аддиктивными расстройствами</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Berezina</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aneta.berezina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0921-4203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трусова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trusova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Трусова,  к. п. н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение терапии стационарных больных с аддиктивными расстройствами</p><p>кафедра медицинской психологии и психофизиологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Trusova</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.v.trusova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подоляк</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podoliak</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Валерьевна Подоляк, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение терапии стационарных больных с аддиктивными расстройствами</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Podoliak</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.podoliak21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-1121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбакова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Валерьевна Рыбакова, д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение терапии стационарных больных с аддиктивными расстройствами</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya V. Rybakova</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksenia@med122.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0529-4525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупицкий</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupitsky</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Михайлович Крупицкий,  д. м. н., заместитель директора по научной работе, руководитель отделения, руководитель лаборатории</p><p>отделение аддиктологии</p><p>Институт фармакологии им. А. В. Вальдмана</p><p>лаборатория клинической фармакологии аддиктивных состояний</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny M. Krupitsky</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kruenator@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева; Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology; St. Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климанова С.Г., Березина А.А., Трусова А.В., Подоляк Д.В., Рыбакова К.В., Крупицкий Е.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климанова С.Г., Березина А.А., Трусова А.В., Подоляк Д.В., Рыбакова К.В., Крупицкий Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimanova S.G., Berezina A.A., Trusova A.V., Podoliak D.V., Rybakova K.V., Krupitsky E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/750">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/750</self-uri><abstract><p>   Изменение мотивационной сферы является одним из центральных нарушений в клинической картине синдрома алкогольной зависимости (СОА). На основании последних нейробиологических исследований были выделены три основные мотивации употребления алкоголя — употребление как вознаграждение, как облегчение состояния и как привычка.   Целью данной работы является изучение различий в клинико-психологических характеристиках пациентов с алкогольной зависимостью в зависимости от лидирующей мотивации употребления алкоголя.   В исследовании приняли участие 76 человек. 76 участников исследования (50 мужчин (65.79 %), средний возраст 42.25 ± 9.36 лет (М±SD)) были отобраны из числа пациентов, проходящих стационарное лечение СОА. Для изучения клинико-психологических характеристик участников были использованы следующие инструменты: клиническое интервью, Шкала употребления алкоголя как вознаграждения, облегчения состояния и привычки, Пенсильванская шкала влечения к алкоголю, Шкала обсессивно-компульсивного употребления алкоголя, Госпитальная шкала тревоги и депрессии, Шкала ангедонии Снайта-Гамильтона, Опросник Карвера-Уайта, Опросник когнитивно-эмоциональной регуляции. Участники были разделены на три подгруппы в зависимости от превалирующей мотивации употребления. Участники группы с доминирующей мотивацией употребления как привычки значимо реже прибегали к когнитивно-эмоциональным стратегиям «префокусировка на планировании» и «позитивная переоценка». При этом, выраженность данной мотивации положительно коррелировала с тяжестью симптомов тревоги и депрессии, и негативно — с выраженностью силы торможения поведения. Участники группы с мотивацией вознаграждения сообщили о большей чувствительности к награде по сравнению с объединенной группой участников с превалирующими мотивациями облегчения состояния и привычки. Выраженность мотивации употребления как облегчения состояния позитивно коррелировала с выраженностью симптомов депрессии. Участники, которые затруднились выделить доминирующую мотивацию употребления, отметили более низкий уровень эмоционального и физического функционирования, а также более редкое использование некоторых адаптивных форм эмоциональной регуляции. В отличие от предыдущих исследований, связь между превалирующей мотивацией и характеристиками злоупотребления алкоголя или тяжестью СОА обнаружена не была.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Changes in the motivational structure are considered one of the central characteristics of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). The latest motivational models of AUD were developed based on recent neurobiological research findings. According to these models, three main drinking motives can be identified — drinking as a reward, as a relief, and as a habit.   The goal of the study was to explore the main differences in the psychological and clinical characteristics of patients with AUD depending on the predominant drinking motive.</p><p>   For this study, 76 individuals (50 men (65.79 %), average age 42.25 ± 9.36 y. o. (М ± SD)) undergoing in-patient treatment for the symptoms of AUD were recruited. The following methods were used: clinical interview, UCLA Reward, Relief, Habit Drinking Scale, Penn Alcohol Craving Scale, Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, Behavioral Activation Scale/Behavioral Inhibition Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The participants were divided into three groups depending on their predominant drinking motive. The participants with the predominant “drinking as a habit” motivation reported using strategies of “refocusing on planning” and “positive reappraisal” significantly less often. At the same time, the intensity of “drinking as a habit” motive positively correlated with the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and negatively — with the strength of the behavioral inhibition system. The participants with the “drinking as a reward” motivation reported having greater reward responsiveness as compared to the combined group of participants with the relief and habit drinking motives. The intensity of “drinking as a relief” motivation positively correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms. It was also noted that the participants, who did not identify the predominant drinking motive, reported having decreased levels of emotional and physical functioning and less frequent use of the certain adaptive emotional regulation strategies. In contrast with the previous studies, the relationship between the prevailing drinking motives and characteristics of drinking or the severity of AUD was not identified.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мотивация употребления</kwd><kwd>алкогольная зависимость</kwd><kwd>эмоциональная регуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drinking motives</kwd><kwd>alcohol use disorder</kwd><kwd>emotion regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрющенко А. В. Сравнительная оценка шкал CES-D, BDI и HADS в диагностике депрессии в общемедицинской практике / А. В. Андрющенко, М. Д. Дробышев, А. В. Добровольский // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С. С. Корсакова. – 2003. – 5: 11-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andryushchenko A. V., Drobyshev M. D., Dobrovolsky A. 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