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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-80</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушение «модели психического» у больных с локальными поражениями мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Violation of «Theory of mind» in patients with local brain lesions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипкова</surname><given-names>Каринэ Маратовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipkova</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">shipkova@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малюкова</surname><given-names>Наталья Георгиевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyukova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">maliukova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский НИИ психиатрии (филиал ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского»); НОУ ВО «Московский психолого-социальный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of federal state institution «Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Addiction them. V.P. Serbsky»; Moscow University of Psychology and Social Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский НИИ психиатрии (филиал ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского»); ГБУЗ «Центр патологии речи и нейрореабилитации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of federal state institution «Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Addiction them. V.P. Serbsky»; Moscow State Health Institution «Center of speech pathology and neurorehabilitation of Moscow Health Department»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шипкова К.М., Малюкова Н.Г., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шипкова К.М., Малюкова Н.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shipkova K.M., Malyukova N.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/80">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/80</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается вопрос нарушения «модели психического» (ToM) при локальных поражениях мозга. ТоМ исследуется с помощью методики «eye test» - идентификация эмоционального состояния по выражению глаз. В методике нужно определить в 36 заданиях базовые эмоции (БЭ) и сложные психические состояния (СС), выбрав одно слово из 4 альтернатив. В исследовании участвовало 36 пациентов с различными поражениями мозга, всего 5 групп: с поражением базальных ганглиев (гр.1), с двусторонним поражением лобных долей (гр.2), с поражением корковых отделов левого полушария (ЛП) (гр.3), с сочетанным поражением базальных ганглиев и лобно-височных отделов правого (ПП) (гр.4)/ЛП (гр.5). Все пациенты испытывали трудности в узнавании лицевой экспрессии. Около 40% выборки показали результаты ниже нижней границы нормы. Результативность ответов (ЕТинд) оценивалась как низкая, средняя и высокая. Межгрупповые различия по среднему уровню ЕТин носили значимый характер: гр.4 имела низший процент, а гр.5 - наивысший. У всех групп, за исключением гр.1, были выше абсолютные значения в узнавании СС в сравнении с БЭ. Гр.1 показала общее снижение способности к идентификации лицевой экспрессии независимо от сложности эмоций. Латерализация очага поражения была значимым параметром в отношении ТоМ. При ЛП поражениях мозга наблюдалась большая сохранность понимания лицевой экспрессии, чем при поражении ПП. Поражение ПП сопровождалось трудностью узнавания эмоций, независимо от их сложности. Представляется, что относительно более высокая степень сохранности понимания СС в противовес БЭ у больных с корковыми/подкорковыми поражениями мозга может говорить о многоуровневой и билатеральной мозговой организации социальной перцепции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>“The theory of mind” (ToM) was in a focus in this study. We investigated the impairment of ToM in case of local brain lesion. ToM was analyzed by the “eye test” that measures the ability to contribute mental states to another person by reading the mind in their eyes. The test requires identifying 36 items (photos) by mapping a word from a list of 4 ones. The task consisted in identifying basal emotions (BE) and complex mental states (CS). Patients (36 pers) with different localization of brain damages were took part in this research. They were divided into 5 groups: basal ganglias (gr.1), bilateral lobe areas(gr.2), left hemisphere (gr.3).Mixed lesions were in two following groups, basal ganglias and right hemisphere (RH) (gr.4), basal ganglias and left hemisphere (LH) (gr.5). All patients revealed problems in cognition facial expressions. The results of 40% of the patients were below the normative level. The efficiency of the answers (ETinde ) was valued as low, moderate and high. The difference between the groups in moderate ETinde was considerable. The gr.4 was the lowest and in the gr.5 the highest. All the groups, except the gr.1, were higher score in CS than in BE. The gr.1 characterized by the impairment in recognition facial expressions in the whole. The side of brain lesion was a significant parameter. The LH patients revealed the better recognition of emotions than the RH ones. The RH lesions followed by the challenge in emotions identification in no relation to their complicity. It seems that the relatively higher score in CS recognition in comparison to BE in patients with cortical and subcortical brain lesions can be explained that social perception consists of different levels and has bilateral structure in human brain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лицевая экспрессия</kwd><kwd>«eye test»</kwd><kwd>«модель психического»</kwd><kwd>локальные поражения мозга</kwd><kwd>базовые эмоции</kwd><kwd>сложные психические состояния</kwd><kwd>социальная перцепция</kwd><kwd>face expression</kwd><kwd>“eye test”</kwd><kwd>“the theory of mind”</kwd><kwd>local brain damages</kwd><kwd>basic emotion</kwd><kwd>complex mental states</kwd><kwd>social perception</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лурия А.Р. 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