<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2023-869</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Плейотропные эффекты Метадоксила в лечении острых и хронических алкогольных интоксикаций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pleiotropic effects of Metadoxil in the treatment of acute and chronic alcohol intoxications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-7854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быков Юрий Витальевич — к.м.н., доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии педиатрического факультета</p><p>г. Ставрополь, 355017, ул. Мира, 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri V. Bykov</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yubykov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-3405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беккер</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekker</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беккер Роман Александрович — магистр компьютерных наук, независимый исследователь в области психофармакологии</p><p>г. Азур 5801726, ул. Бен-Гурион 26/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Bekker - (M. Sc. in Computer Sciences), NEI Master of Psychopharmacology with Distinction</p><p>Azur</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanbekker2022@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Независимый исследователь в области психофармакологии</institution><country>Израиль</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>An independent researcher in psychopharmacology</institution><country>Israel</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быков Ю.В., Беккер Р.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Беккер Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykov Y.V., Bekker R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/878">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/878</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье представлен обзор современных научных данных, касающихся эффективности и безопасности применения метадоксила на разных этапах лечения алкогольной болезни (при острой алкогольной интоксикации, при алкогольном абстинентном синдроме, в постабстинентном периоде), а также обзор преимуществ применения метадоксила у таких пациентов за счёт оказываемых этим препаратом нейро- и гепатопротективного эффектов. Описан клинический случай из собственной практики авторов, в котором применение метадоксила в составе комплексной терапии способствовало не только стабилизации ремиссии алкогольной зависимости, но и уменьшению проявлений коморбидных психических (обсессивно-компульсивное расстройство) и соматических (алкогольная жировая болезнь печени) заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presents a review of modern scientific data concerning the safety and efficacy of the use of Metadoxil at different stages of the treatment of alcohol use disorder (from acute alcohol intoxication to the alcohol withdrawal syndrome, to the post-withdrawal period and remission stabilization), as well as a review of the advantages of Metadoxil use in such patients, due to the neuro- and hepatoprotective effects of this medication. Authors also describe a clinical case from their own practice. In the aforementioned case, the use of Metadoxil as a part of combination therapy contributed not only to the stabilization of remission of the alcohol use disorder, but also to diminishing of symptoms of comorbid mental (obsessive-compulsive disorder) and somatic (alcoholic fatty liver disease) diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метадоксил</kwd><kwd>метадоксин</kwd><kwd>пиридоксин</kwd><kwd>алкогольная зависимость</kwd><kwd>алкогольная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>алкогольный абстинентный синдром</kwd><kwd>стабилизация ремиссии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Metadoxil</kwd><kwd>metadoxine</kwd><kwd>pyridoxine</kwd><kwd>alcohol use disorder</kwd><kwd>alcohol dependence</kwd><kwd>alcoholic fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>alcohol withdrawal syndrome</kwd><kwd>remission stabilization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранцевич Е.Р., Курашевич К.Г. Перспективы выявления и лечения алкогольной энцефалопатии на ранней стадии заболевания. Ученые записки СПбГМУ им. И.П. Павлова. 2015;22(4):83-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barancevich ER, Kurashevich KG. Prospects for identifying and treating alcoholic encephalopathy at an early stage of the disease. Uchenye zapiski SPb-GMU im. I.P. Pavlova. 2015;22(4):83-86. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безвуляк Е.И., Башарин В.А., Епифанцев А.В., Куценко В.П., Селиверстов П.В. Возможности профилактики токсического лекарственно-индуцированного поражения печени при химиотерапии онкологических заболеваний. Медицинский совет. 2020;5:40-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bezvulyak EI, Basharin VA, Epifantsev AV, Kutsenko VP, Seliverstov PV. Prevention options of toxic drug-induced liver disease in patients with chemotherapy of oncological diseases. Meditsinskij sovet. 2020;5:40-47. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винникова М.А., Иванец Н.Н., Ненастьева А.Ю., Жиров И.В. Место метадоксила в терапии алкогольного абстинентного синдрома, алкогольной болезни печени и алкогольной полинейропатии. Наркология. 2014;13(10):48-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinnikova MA, Ivanec NN, Nenast’eva AYu, ZHirov IV. Metadoksil in therapy of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic polyneuropathy. Narkologiya.2014;13(10):48-54. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вишневецкая Т.П., Сергеева Т.А., Плотницкий В.А. Сравнительное изучение антидотной терапии при отравлении парацетамолом. Многопрофильная клиника в решении проблем онкологического пациента: Научно-практическая конференция, посвященная 55-летию СПб больницы РАН - Санкт-Петербурга. 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vishneveckaya T.P., Sergeeva T.A., Plotnickij V.A. Sravnitel’noe izuchenie antidotnoj terapii pri otravlenii paracetamolom. Mnogoprofil’naya klinika v reshenii problem onkologicheskogo pacienta: Nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya, posvyashchennaya 55-letiyu SPb bol’nicy RAN - Sankt-Peterburga. 2017. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вознюк О.П. Особенности диагностики и клиники церебральных ишемических инсультов у лиц трудоспособного возраста на фоне острой алкогольной интоксикации: дис. — Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургический институт им. А.Л. Поленова, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voznyuk O.P. Osobennosti diagnostiki i kliniki tserebral’nyh ishemicheskih insultov u lits trudosposobnogo vozrasta na fone ostroi alkogol’noi intoksikatsii : dissertation. Rossijskij nautschno-issledovatel’skij neirokhirurgicheskij institut im. A.L. Polenova, 2012. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГРЛС метадоксил ампулы. [grls.minzdrav.gov]. Minzdrav; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://grls.minzdrav.gov.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=9a73a438-1e59-4bcb-aac7-7cac8db5d7da</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ГРЛС метадоксил ампулы. [grls.minzdrav.gov]. Minzdrav; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://grls.minzdrav.gov.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=9a73a438-1e59-4bcb-aac7-7cac8db5d7da</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГРЛС метадоксил таблетки. [grls.minzdrav. gov]. Minzdrav; 2023 [процитировано 20 сен-тября 2023] Доступно: https://grls.minzdrav.gov.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=5e47032a-4da2-46bac-5f1-724e3d315132</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ГРЛС метадоксил таблетки. [grls.minzdrav. gov]. Minzdrav; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://grls.minzdrav.gov.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=5e47032a-4da2-46bc-a5f1-724e3d315132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гуэррини И., Джентили К., Нелли Г., Гуазелли М. Проспективное исследование эффективности метадоксила в лечении алкогольной зависимости. Наркология. 2014;13(2):58-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guerrini I, Dzhentili K, Nelli G, Guazelli M. A follow up study on the efficacy of metadoxine in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Narkologiya. 2014;13(2):58-63. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению алкогольной зависимости РОП. [psychiatr.ru]. Psychiatr; 2023 [процитировано 20 ментября 2023] Доступно: https://psychiatr.ru/download/4251</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению алкогольной зависимости РОП. [psychiatr.ru]. Psychiatr; 2023 [процитировано 20 ментября 2023] Доступно: https://psychiatr.ru/download/4251</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации Российского общества по изучению печени по ведению взрослых пациентов с алкогольной болезнью печени. [rsls. ru]. Rsls, 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://rsls.ru/files/ABP_rec.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Клинические рекомендации Российского общества по изучению печени по ведению взрослых пациентов с алкогольной болезнью печени. [rsls. ru]. Rsls, 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://rsls.ru/files/ABP_rec.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Королева М.В., Меркулов С.А. Эффективность использования метадоксила при токсическом гепатите, вызванном отравлением суррогатами алкоголя. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2013;6-3(13):56-58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koroleva MV, Merkulov SA. Efficiency of metadoxil use in toxic hepatitis provoked by alcohol substitutes poisoning. Mezhdunarodnyj nauchno-issledovatel’skij zhurnal. 2013;6-3(13):56-58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кошкина Е.А., Павловская Н.И., Ягудина Р.И., Куликов А.Ю., Усенко К.Ю., Земскова Н.А. Медико-социальные и экономические последствия злоупотребления алкоголем в России. Наркология. 2009;8(11);24-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koshkina EA, Pavlovskaya NI, Yagudina RI, Kulikov AYu, Usenko KYu, Zemskova NA. Medical, social and economic consequences of alcohol abuse in Russia. Narkologija. 2009;8(11):24-31. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кудаева Ф.М., Барскова В.Г., Насонов Е.Л. Применение метадоксила у больных подагрой и жировой болезнью печени, ассоциированной с алкоголем и метаболическим синдромом. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2008;6:23-26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kudaeva FM, Barskova VG, Nasonov EL. Use of metadoxil in patients with gout and fatty liver disease associated with alcohol and metabolic syndrome. Ural’skij medicinskij zhurnal. 2007;6:41-42. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маев И.В., Абдурахманов Д.Т., Андреев Д.Н., Дичева Д.Т. Алкогольная болезнь печени: современное состояние проблемы. Терапевтический архив. 2014;4:108-116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maev IV, Abdurakhmanov DT, Andreev DN, Dicheva DT. Alcoholic liver disease: state-of-the-art. Terapevticheskij arhiv. 2014;4:108-116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мехтиев С.Н., Зиновьева Е.Н., Мехтиева О.А., Степаненко В.В. Патогенетические подходы к диагностике и терапии алкогольного гепатита. Лечащий врач. 2013;2:117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mekhtiev SN, Zinov’eva EN, Mekhtieva OA, Stepanenko VV. Pathogenetic approaches to diagnostics and therapy of alcoholic hepatitis. Lechashchij vrach. 2013;2:117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приказ МЗ РФ от 01.06.2022 № 375н. [moknd. ru]. Moknd; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://www.google.com/url?q=https://moknd.ru/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/375_n_intoks_prikaz_minzdrava_rossii_ot_01_06_2022_n_375n_ob_utverzhdenii.pdf&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1695212025202606&amp;usg=AOvVaw1cPLcfv-HsooJcD1OjJqj-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Приказ МЗ РФ от 01.06.2022 № 375н. [moknd. ru]. Moknd; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://www.google.com/url?q=https://moknd.ru/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/375_n_intoks_prikaz_minzdrava_rossii_ot_01_06_2022_n_375n_ob_utverzhdenii.pdf&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1695212025202606&amp;usg=AOvVaw1cPLcfv-HsooJcD1OjJqj-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Регистрационное свидетельство метадоксила от 1991 года. [4doktor.ru]. 4Doktor; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://www.google.com/url?q=https://moknd.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2022/09/375_n_intoks_prikaz_minzdrava_rossii_ot_01_06_2022_n_375n_ob_utverzhdenii.pdf&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1695212025202606&amp;usg=AOvVaw1cPLcfv-HsooJcD1OjJqj-</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Регистрационное свидетельство метадоксила от 1991 года. [4doktor.ru]. 4Doktor; 2023 [процитировано 20 сентября 2023] Доступно: https://www.google.com/url?q=https://moknd.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2022/09/375_n_intoks_prikaz_minzdrava_rossii_ot_01_06_2022_n_375n_ob_utverzhdenii.pdf&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1695212025202606&amp;usg=AOvVaw1cPLcfv-HsooJcD1OjJqj-</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цивинский А.Д. Черепно-мозговая травма на фоне интоксикации этанолом. Скорая медицинская помощь. 2003;4(1):60-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsivinskiy AD. Traumatic brain injury secondary to ethanol intoxication. Skoraya meditsinskaya pomosch. 2003;4(1):60-65. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bono G, Sinforiani E, Merlo P et al. Alcoholic abstinence syndrome: short-term treatment with metadoxine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1991;11(1):35-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bono G, Sinforiani E, Merlo P et al. Alcoholic abstinence syndrome: short-term treatment with metadoxine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1991;11(1):35-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carboni MA, Corsa R. THerapeutic use of metadoxine in alcohol-related mental and behavioral disorders. Clin Ter. 1987;123(6):469-473.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carboni MA, Corsa R. THerapeutic use of metadoxine in alcohol-related mental and behavioral disorders. Clin Ter. 1987;123(6):469-473.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de la Tijera FH, Servín-Caamaño AI, Cruz-Herrera J et al. Treatment with metadoxine and its impact on early mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Ann Hepatol. 2014;13(3):343-352. http:// doi.org/10.1016/S1665-2681(19)30863-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de la Tijera FH, Servín-Caamaño AI, Cruz-Herrera J et al. Treatment with metadoxine and its impact on early mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Ann Hepatol. 2014;13(3):343-352. http:// doi.org/10.1016/S1665-2681(19)30863-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de la Tijera FH, Servín-Caamaño AI, Serralde-Zúñiga AE et al. Metadoxine improves the three- and six-month survival rates in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(16):4975-4985. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i16.4975</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de la Tijera FH, Servín-Caamaño AI, Serralde-Zúñiga AE et al. Metadoxine improves the three- and six-month survival rates in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(16):4975-4985. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i16.4975</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Paolo N, De Mia M, Gaggiotti E. Metadoxine in the treatment of vomiting in uremic patients under dialysis treatment. Clin Ter. 1984;110(3):221-229.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Paolo N, De Mia M, Gaggiotti E. Metadoxine in the treatment of vomiting in uremic patients under dialysis treatment. Clin Ter. 1984;110(3):221-229.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emmelkamp P.G., Vedel E. Evidence-Based Treatments for Alcohol and Drug Abuse: A Practitioner’s Guide to THeory, Methods, and Practice. Routledge, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emmelkamp P.G., Vedel E. Evidence-Based Treatments for Alcohol and Drug Abuse: A Practitioner’s Guide to THeory, Methods, and Practice. Routledge, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Felicioli R, Saracchi I, Flagiello AM, Bartoli C. Effects of pyridoxine-pyrrolidon-carboxylate on hepatic and cerebral ATP levels in ethanol treated rats. Int J Clin Pharmacol THer Toxicol. 1980;18(6):277-280.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Felicioli R, Saracchi I, Flagiello AM, Bartoli C. Effects of pyridoxine-pyrrolidon-carboxylate on hepatic and cerebral ATP levels in ethanol treated rats. Int J Clin Pharmacol THer Toxicol. 1980;18(6):277-280.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global status report on alcohol and health. World Health Organization (WHO). 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global status report on alcohol and health. World Health Organization (WHO). 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gratacós-Ginès J, Bruguera P, Pérez-Guasch M et al. Medications for alcohol use disorder promote abstinence in alcohol-related cirrhosis: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1097/HEP.0000000000000570.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gratacós-Ginès J, Bruguera P, Pérez-Guasch M et al. Medications for alcohol use disorder promote abstinence in alcohol-related cirrhosis: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1097/HEP.0000000000000570.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guerrini I, Gentili C, Nelli G, Guazzelli M. A follow up study on the efficacy of metadoxine in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2006;1:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-1-35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guerrini I, Gentili C, Nelli G, Guazzelli M. A follow up study on the efficacy of metadoxine in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2006;1:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-1-35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martínez MD, Martínez AD, Salcedo VV, Fuentes CC. Efficacy of metadoxine in the management of acute alcohol intoxication. J Int Med Res. 2002;30(1):44-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/147323000203000107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martínez MD, Martínez AD, Salcedo VV, Fuentes CC. Efficacy of metadoxine in the management of acute alcohol intoxication. J Int Med Res. 2002;30(1):44-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/147323000203000107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mirijello A, Addolorato G. Treatment of acute alcohol intoxication: THe role of metadoxine. Eur J Intern Med. 2023;110:128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2023.02.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirijello A, Addolorato G. Treatment of acute alcohol intoxication: THe role of metadoxine. Eur J Intern Med. 2023;110:128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2023.02.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mirijello A, Sestito L, Antonelli M, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G. Identification and management of acute alcohol intoxication. Eur J Intern Med. 2023;108:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2022.08.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirijello A, Sestito L, Antonelli M, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G. Identification and management of acute alcohol intoxication. Eur J Intern Med. 2023;108:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2022.08.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rehm J, Imtiaz S. A narrative review of alcohol consumption as a risk factor for global burden of disease. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2016;11(1):37</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rehm J, Imtiaz S. A narrative review of alcohol consumption as a risk factor for global burden of disease. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2016;11(1):37</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santoni S, Corradini P, Zocchi M, Camarri F. Metadoxine in alcohol-related pathology. Clin Ter. 1989;130(2):115-122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santoni S, Corradini P, Zocchi M, Camarri F. Metadoxine in alcohol-related pathology. Clin Ter. 1989;130(2):115-122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sergiacomo L, Ciancaglini R, Orlando D, Monache GD, Pesa O. Treatment of alcoholic hepatic steatosis with metadoxine. Preliminary results on the evaluation of the effects of the drug by an ultrasonographic study. Clin Ter. 1986;119(2):133-141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sergiacomo L, Ciancaglini R, Orlando D, Monache GD, Pesa O. Treatment of alcoholic hepatic steatosis with metadoxine. Preliminary results on the evaluation of the effects of the drug by an ultrasonographic study. Clin Ter. 1986;119(2):133-141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sher L. Research on the Neurobiology of Alcohol Use Disorders. Nova Biomedical, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sher L. Research on the Neurobiology of Alcohol Use Disorders. Nova Biomedical, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shield KD, Rehm J. Russia-specific relative risks and their effects on the estimated alcohol-attributable burden of disease. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shield KD, Rehm J. Russia-specific relative risks and their effects on the estimated alcohol-attributable burden of disease. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shpilenya LS, Muzychenko AP, Gasbarrini G, Addolorato G. Metadoxine in acute alcohol intoxication: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002;26(3):340-346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02543.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shpilenya LS, Muzychenko AP, Gasbarrini G, Addolorato G. Metadoxine in acute alcohol intoxication: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002;26(3):340-346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02543.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang YM, Kim HE, Ki SH, Kim SG. Metadoxine, an ion-pair of pyridoxine and L-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, blocks adipocyte differentiation in association with inhibition of the PKA-CREB pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2009;488(2):91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2009.07.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang YM, Kim HE, Ki SH, Kim SG. Metadoxine, an ion-pair of pyridoxine and L-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, blocks adipocyte differentiation in association with inhibition of the PKA-CREB pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2009;488(2):91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2009.07.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
