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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2023-893</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-900</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Феномен терапевтической резистентности при лечении шизофрении: возможности современной диагностики и методов противорезистентных воздействий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The phenomenon of therapeutic resistance in the treatment of schizophrenia: the possibilities of modern diagnostics and methods of anti-resistant effects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5851-0626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Становая</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanovaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Становая Виктория Владимировна — младший научный сотрудник отделения биологической терапии психически больных </p><p>192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д.3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria V. Stanovaya</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika06.95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнова</surname><given-names>З. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseynova</surname><given-names>Z. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусейнова Зумруд Тахсинбеговна — младший научный сотрудник отделения биологической терапии психически больных</p><p>192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д.3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zumrud T. Guseynova </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zumaguseinova14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>М. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Михаил Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отделения биологической терапии психически больных </p><p>192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д.3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Ivanov </p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profmikhailivanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6773-6141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бигдай</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bigday</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бигдай Елена Владимировна— доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры медицинской биофизики</p><p>194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д.2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Bigday</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bigday50@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Становая В.В., Гусейнова З.Т., Иванов М.B., Бигдай Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Становая В.В., Гусейнова З.Т., Иванов М.B., Бигдай Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stanovaya V.V., Guseynova Z.T., Ivanov M.V., Bigday E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/900">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/900</self-uri><abstract><p>Формирование резистентности является ключевым фактором сдерживания прогресса в области терапии шизофрении. В современной психиатрической практике, несмотря на появление новых медицинских технологий, включающих применение широкого арсенала психотропных лекарственных воздействий, показатель частоты проявлений терапевтической резистентности в когорте психически больных составляет в среднем около 30%. Выделенные к настоящему времени причины формирования резистентности разнообразны и могут быть связаны как с биологическими изменениями, вследствие нарушений функционирования различных нейромедиаторных систем, так и с несоблюдением режима приема препаратов (медикаментозный нонкомплайенс). Резистентная к терапии шизофрения представляет серьезную клиническую проблему, поскольку пациенты с такими проявлениями чаще испытывают потребность в повторных госпитализациях, имеют более выраженные нарушения социального и профессионального функционирования. Установлено, что формирование терапевтической резистентности может происходить как в начале активного лечения, так и в процессе психофармакотерапии. Поэтому представляется важным выявление предикторов терапевтической резистентности, что позволит в максимально короткий срок воспользоваться методами для её преодоления. В настоящем литературном обзоре рассмотрены как основные формы терапевтической резистентности и особенности ее формирования, так и возможности медикаментозной и немедикаментозной терапии резистентной шизофрении. Материалы и методы. Был выполнен обзор литературы в базе данных PubMed. Использовались ключевые слова: types of therapeutic resistance, therapeutically resistant schizophrenia, antipsychotics, methods of anti-resistant effects. Критерии включения: рандомизированные и нерандомизированные клинические исследования, мета-анализы и систематические обзоры, полнотекстовые статьи по терапевтической резистентности у психически больных и методах преодоления. Критерии исключения: статьи низкого качества. Результаты. Проведенный анализ литературных данных показал целесообразность применения при терапевтической резистентности не только клозапина, препарата первой линии, но и современных лекарственных препаратов, прежде всего карипразина, которые, несмотря на ограниченные исследования, показали высокую эффективность как в сочетанной терапии с клозапином, так и в монотерапии, при коррекции устойчивых продуктивных, негативных и когнитивных симптомов. Применение аугментации антидепрессантами, нормотимическими и глутаматергическими препаратами может использоваться в целях преодоления резистентности, однако данные об эффективности этой стратегии неоднозначны. Из нелекарственных методов лечения терапевтически резистентной шизофрении рекомендуется применение электросудорожной терапии, как единственного метода биологических воздействий, имеющего в настоящее время доказательную базу. Выводы. Согласно результатам обзора литературы, наиболее изученными, доказанными методами преодоления терапевтически резистентной шизофрении являются клозапин и электросудорожная терапия. Вместе с тем, учитывая предварительные положительные результаты применения антипсихотиков третьей генерации, можно считать целесообразным их применение как в сочетанной терапии, так и в монотерапии, при недостаточной эффективности клозапина.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formation of resistance is a key factor in curbing progress in the treatment of schizophrenia. In modern psychiatric practice, despite the emergence of new medical technologies, including the use of a wide arsenal of psychotropic medicinal effects, the frequency of manifestations of therapeutic resistance in the cohort of mentally ill is on average about 30%. The reasons for the formation of resistance identified to date are diverse and can be associated with both biological changes due to violations of the functioning of various neurotransmitter systems. so it is with non-compliance with the regimen of taking medications (drug noncompliance). Therapy-resistant schizophrenia is a serious clinical problem, since patients with such manifestations often feel the need for repeated hospitalizations, have more pronounced violations of social and professional functioning. It has been established that the formation of therapeutic resistance can occur both at the beginning of active treatment and in the process of psychopharmacotherapy. Therefore, it is important to identify predictors of therapeutic resistance, which will allow using methods to overcome it as soon as possible. This literature review examines both the main forms of therapeutic resistance and the features of its formation, as well as the possibilities of drug and non-drug therapy of resistant schizophrenia.</p><p>Materials and methods. A literature review was performed in the PubMed database. The keywords types of therapeutic resistance, therapeutically resistant schizophrenia, antipsychotics, methods of anti-resistant effects. Inclusion criteria: randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews, fulltext articles on therapeutic resistance in mentally ill patients and coping methods. Exclusion criteria: articles of poor quality. Results. The analysis of the literature data has shown the expediency of using not only clozapine, a first-line drug, for therapeutic resistance, but also modern drugs, primarily cariprazine, which, despite limited studies, have shown high efficacy both in combination therapy with clozapine and in monotherapy, in correcting stable productive, negative and cognitive symptoms. The use of augmentation with antidepressants, normotimic and glutamatergic drugs can be used to overcome resistance, but data on the effectiveness of this strategy are ambiguous. Of the non-medicinal methods of treating therapeutically resistant schizophrenia, the use of electroconvulsive therapy is recommended as the only method of biological effects that currently has an evidence base. Conclusions. According to the results of the literature review, the most studied, proven methods of overcoming therapeutically resistant schizophrenia are clozapine and electroconvulsive therapy. At the same time, taking into account the preliminary positive results of the use of third-generation antipsychotics, it can be considered appropriate to use them both in combination therapy and in monotherapy, with insufficient effectiveness of clozapine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>виды терапевтической резистентности</kwd><kwd>терапевтически резистентная шизофрения</kwd><kwd>антипсихотики</kwd><kwd>методы противорезистентных  воздействий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>types of therapeutic resistance</kwd><kwd>therapeutically resistant schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>antipsychotics</kwd><kwd>methods of anti-resistant effects</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вовин Р.Я. Клинические эффекты при психофармакологическом лечении. Фармакотерапевтическая основа реабилитации психически больных. Под ред. Р.Я. Вовина. 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