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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bekhterev</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7053</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-055X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>V. M. BEKHTEREV  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  MEDICAL  CENTER  FOR  PSYCHIATRY  AND  NEUROLOGY                           OF    THE  RUSSIAN  FEDERATION   MINISTRY  OF  HEALTH</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31363/2313-7053-2024-742</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bekhterev-927</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исторические предпосылки и современные аспекты применения транскраниальной микрополяризации при эпилепсии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Historical background and modern aspects of application transcranial micropolarization in epilepsy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-6823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелякин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelyakin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шелякин Алексей Михайлович, д.б.н., в.н.с. Института медицинской реабилитации им. проф. Богданова, АНО «Возвращение», Отделение нейрореабилитации</p><p>196066, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Гастелло, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey M. Shelyakin</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sheliakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4438-9770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Преображенская</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Preobrazhenskaya</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Преображенская Ирина Георгиевна, к.б.н., в.н.с. Института медицинской реабилитации им. проф. Богданова, АНО «Возвращение», Отделение нейрореабилитации</p><p>196066, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Гастелло, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Preobrazhenskaya</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">preshel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-7264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелик</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelik</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелик Александр Леонидович, к.м.н., в.н.с., отделение клинической нейрофизиологии</p><p>192092, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander L. Gorelik</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorelik_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-7209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нарышкин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Narishkin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нарышкин Александр Геннадьевич, д.м.н, проф. кафедры нейрохирургии имени профессора А.Л. Поленова ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова»; в.н.с.; г.н.с. ФГБУН Института эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАН</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д.41</p><p>192092, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, 3</p><p>194233, Санкт-Петербург, пр. М. Тореза, д. 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Narishkin</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">naryshkin56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт медицинской реабилитации им. проф. Богданова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Rehabilitation Institute named after prof. Bogdanov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National medical research center for psychiatry and neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>58</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шелякин А.М., Преображенская И.Г., Горелик А.Л., Нарышкин А.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шелякин А.М., Преображенская И.Г., Горелик А.Л., Нарышкин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelyakin A.M., Preobrazhenskaya I.G., Gorelik A.L., Narishkin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/927">https://www.bekhterevreview.com/jour/article/view/927</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящего литературного обзора является анализ доказательств эффективности применения электротерапии в лечении эпилепсии. В хронологическом порядке приводятся мнения различных ведущих ученых и врачей древности, XVIII, XIX веков, таких как Авиценна, Д. Уэсли, В. Эрб и др., основанные на результатах собственных работ, о возможностях использования животного, статического, гальванического тока в лечении эпилепсии. Особое внимание уделяется набирающему популярность в последние десятилетия методу транскраниальной микрополяризации, в основе которого лежит воздействие на проекции выбранных корковых структур постоянным током низкой интенсивности. Приводятся данные экспериментальных и клинических исследований, проведенных под руководством член-корр. АМН СССР Г.А. Вартаняна, академика АМН СССР Н.П. Бехтеревой и др., а также зарубежными авторами, свидетельствующие об эффективном применении микрополяризации в лечении эпилепсии. Обсуждаются возможные перспективы развития метода для получения наибольшего лечебного эффекта. Результатом таких работ может стать разработка метода биоуправляемой микрополяризации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this literature review is to analyze the evidence of the effectiveness of the use of electrotherapy in the treatment of epilepsy. In chronological order, the opinions of various leading scientists and doctors of antiquity, XVIII, XIX centuries, such as Avicenna, J Wesley, W Erb, etc., based on the results of their own work, are presented on the possibilities of using animal, static, galvanic current in the treatment of epilepsy. Particular attention is paid to the transcranial micropolarization method, which has been gaining popularity in recent decades, based on the effect of low-intensity direct current on the projections of selected cortical structures. The data of experimental and clinical studies conducted under the guidance of corresponding member GA Vartanyan, academician NP Bekhtereva, etc., as well as foreign authors, testifying to the effective use of micropolarization in the treatment of epilepsy are presented. Possible prospects for the development of the method for obtaining the greatest therapeutic effect are discussed. The result of such work may be the development of a method of bio-controlled micropolarization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транскраниальная микрополяризация</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током</kwd><kwd>нейромодуляция</kwd><kwd>гальванизация</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transcranial micropolarization</kwd><kwd>transcranial direct current stimulation</kwd><kwd>neuromodulation</kwd><kwd>galvanization</kwd><kwd>epilepsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белявский Ф. О гальвано-магнитном лечении, посредством гидроэлектрических токов. М.: В типографии Н.Степанова; 1847. Belyavskij F. O gal`vano-magnitnom lechenii, posredstvom gidroe`lektricheskix tokov. M.: V tipografii N.Stepanova; 1847. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Белявский Ф. 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