Алкоголь и нарушения сна

В статье представлен несистематический описательный обзор проблемы нарушения сна у пациентов с алкогольной зависимостью. Поиск проводился в базах данных GoogleScholar, Elibrary.ru, Scopus, PubMed. Рассматривались работы, опубликованные не раньше 1 января 2010 года, и не позже 10 января 2020 года. Поиск проводился с использованием поисковых запросов путем различных вариантов комбинирования указанных слов: «alcoholusedisorder», «alcoholism», «insomnia» и другие. Можно сделать вывод, что взаимосвязь между описываемыми феноменами носит двусторонний характер с взаимным подкреплением. В проведенных на настоящий момент исследованиях демонстрируется риск инициации злоупотребления алкоголем при наличии расстройств сна, что связано с использованием алкоголя в качестве сомногенного средства с дальнейшим ростом толерантности и развитиемалкоголизма. При этом выраженность нарушений сна нередко совпадает с тяжестью алкогольной зависимости. Для пациентов, находящихся в стадии ремиссии, расстройства сна являются фактором риска рецидива. Описанные нами закономерности лишь в общих чертах описывают обозначенную проблему, что создает предпосылки к дальнейшему углублению и проведению клинических и фундаментальных исследований.

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