Амбулаторная оценка в исследованиях и индивидуальном анализе случаев в психиатрии и психотерапии

В данной статье представлен метод сбора данных, который имеет особое значение для исследований и индивидуального анализа опыта и поведения пациентов с психическими расстройствами. На многие вопросы невозможно адекватно ответить традиционными методами. В частности, обоснованность диагнозов и проверка гипотез о функциональной связи нарушенного поведения с предшествующими или сопутствующими внутренними и внешними условиями не могут быть полностью изучены с помощью традиционных инструментов. В последние десятилетия в психологии во многих областях активно используются анкеты (или интервью), которые, несмотря на экономию времени, считаются неподходящим инструментом сбора данных для многих типов вопросов. Это особенно верно, когда целью является изучение того, как люди чувствуют, думают и ведут себя в конкретные моменты времени в повседневной жизни. Для этой цели был разработан метод амбулаторной оценки.

В статье кратко описывается этот метод, его история и условия, при которых он особенно полезен или необходим в области психиатрии и психотерапии. В ней также дается представление об исследованиях амбулаторной оценки (АО) в области психиатрии и клинической психологии применительно к различным типам исследовательских вопросов. Наконец, обсуждаются ограничения, проблемы и возможности использования амбулаторной оценки. Расширенная библиография позволяет углубить знания в данной области.

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