Criteria for measuring adverse childhood experiences: prospects for scale development and validation
https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2026-2-1152
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) encompass a broad spectrum of traumatic events occurring before the age of 18, including abuse, neglect, and family dysfunction. ACEs are associated with an elevated risk of developing mental and behavioural disorders, particularly in the context of polyvictimisation. This narrative review examines current approaches to assessing ACEs, with a focus on measurement criteria and scale validation. Particular attention is paid to the reliability and validity of existing instruments and to their applicability in clinical and research settings, taking into account the methodological challenges inherent in retrospective assessment. The review underscores the importance of incorporating temporal parameters into ACE scales to enhance their diagnostic and prognostic value. Given the limitations of existing methods, the need for developing or refining assessment tools that address temporal, cultural, and content-related factors is emphasised. The potential protective role of positive childhood experiences (PCEs) is also considered.
About the Authors
E. S. Roerich
V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterina S. Roerich
A. P. Gorbunova
V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandra P. Gorbunova
G. V. Rukavishnikov
V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Grigory V. Rukavishnikov
G. E. Mazo
V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Galina E. Mazo
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For citations:
Roerich E.S., Gorbunova A.P., Rukavishnikov G.V., Mazo G.E. Criteria for measuring adverse childhood experiences: prospects for scale development and validation. V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY. 2026;60(2):44-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2026-2-1152
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