Clinical and neurophysiological features of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection
https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2018-4-53-6
Abstract
Summary. Te aim of the study was to study the clinical signifcance of changes in bioelectric activity for the purpose of identifying them as biological markers of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted to diagnose mental disorders and search for neurophysiological markers in 62 patients with HIV infection at the St. Petersburg Center for the Prevention and Control of HIV and Infectious Diseases.
Results: 50% of patients with HIV infection without abuse disorders have mental disorders characterized mainly by adaptive reactions and mild cognitive impairment. Normal indicators of bioelectrical activity were determined in 16.1% of 62 patients. In the majority of patients (59.7%), bioelectrical activity was determined with a predominance of excitation in the medio-different areas and a decrease in activity of the cerebral cortex. In 41.9% of patients, the processes of CNS excitation were increased in the form of an intensifcation of the reaction to photostimulation. Neurophysiological differences were revealed in patients with neurotic and stress-related disorders and organic changes in the CNS. For neurotic disorders in comparison with organic disorders, the EEG was normal or the disorganized type with predominance of alpha and beta activity were more likely, while in the case of organic disorders the desynchronous type of EEG was more ofen noted. Te development of psycho-organic syndrome in HIV patients is confrmed by deep restructuring of bioelectrical activity in the anterior parts of the brain.
About the Authors
N. G. Neznanov
St. Petersburg State Medical University named afer I.P. Pavlov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. B. Khalezova
St. Petersburg State Medical University named afer I.P. Pavlov; Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
M. A. Hobeysh
St. Petersburg State Medical University named afer I.P. Pavlov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. G. Zakharova
Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
M. Ya. Kissin
St. Petersburg State Medical University named afer I.P. Pavlov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Belyakov N.A. Te brain as a target for HIV. SPb.: Baltiyskiy meditsinskiy obrazovatel’nyy tsentr. 2011: 48 s. (In Rus.).
2. Borodkina O.I. Social context of the HIV / AIDS epidemic in Russia. — Zhurnal issledovaniy sotsial’noy politiki. 2008; 6 (2): 151-176. (In Rus.).
3. Human Immunodefciency Virus — Medicine: A Guide for Doctors / Pod red. N.A.Belyakova i A.G.Rakhmanovoy.— SPb.: Baltiyskiy meditsinskiy obrazovatel’nyy tsentr. 2010: 749. (In Rus.).
4. HIV infection: clinic, diagnosis and treatment / V. V. Pokrovskiy, T.N. Yermak, V.V. Belyayeva, O.G. Yurin; Pod obshch. Red. V. V .Pokrovskogo.- 2-ye izd., ispr. i dop. — M.: GEOTAR — MED; 2003: 488. (In Rus.).
5. WHO (2017). World Health Organization. 10 leading causes of death in the world. Informatsionnyy byulleten’. Iyul’ 2017. URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/ru/ (data obrashcheniya 11.01.2018). (In Rus.).
6. Gaysina A.V., Magonov E.P., Gromova E.A., Gurskaya O.E., Trofmova T.N., Rassokhin V.V., Belyakov N.A. Pathological mechanisms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders // Luchevaya diagnostika i terapiya. — 2016; 2: 6-21. (In Rus.).
7. Gurskaya O.E., Galicheva E.V., Gaisina A.V. Electrophysiological methods in the diagnosis of subclinical cognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients // Zhurnal Infektologii. 2010; 4 (3): 80–88. (In Rus.).
8. Gurskaya O.E., Trofmova T.N., Rassokhin V.V. and others. Features of changes in the functional state of the brain in HIV-associated encephalopathy // VIChinfektsiya i imunosupressii. 2012; 4 (1): 82–87. (In Rus.).
9. Zhirmunskaya E.A., Losev V.S. Description and classifcation of human electroencephalograms. M.: Nauka; 1984: 81. (In Rus.).
10. Zenkov L.R. Clinical electroencephalography / LR Zenkov et al. // MEDpress-form. 2004: 219-225. (In Rus.).
11. Lapin M.A., Alfmova M.V. EEG-markers of depressive disorders // Sotsial’naya i klinicheskaya psikhiatriya. 2014; 24 (4): 81-89. (In Rus.).
12. Khalezova N.B., Neznanov N.G., Belyakov N.A. HIV infection and mental disorders: a modern view of the problem // Meditsinskiy akademicheskiy zhurnal. 2014; 14 (3): 14-32. (In Rus.).
13. Baldeweg T., Riccio M., Gruzelier J., Hawkins D., Burgess A.P., Irving G., Stygall J., Catt S., Catalan J.: Neurophysiological evaluation of Zidovudine in asymptomatic HIV-Infection: a longitudinal placebo-controlled study. JNeurolSci. 1995; 132:162-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(95)00140-w
14. Baldeweg T., Catalan J., Lovett E., Gruzelier J., Riccio M., Hawkins D.: Long-term Zidovudine reduces neurocognitive defcits in HIV-1 infection. AIDS. 1995; 9: 589-596. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199506000-00010
15. Coburn K.L., Lauterbach E.C., Boutros N.N., Black K.J., Arciniegas D.B., Coffey C.E. Te value of quantitative electroencephalography in clinical psychiatry: A Report by the Committee on Research of the American Neuropsychiatric Association // J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. — 2006. — Vol. 18. — P. 460–500. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.2006.18.4.460
16. Elovaara I., Saar P., Valle S.L., et al. EEG in early HIV1 infection is characterized by anterior dysrhythmicity of low maximal amplitude // Clin. Electroencephalogr. — 1991. — Vol. 22. — P. 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/155005949102200303
17. Esslen M., Pascual-Marqui R.D., Hell D. et al. Brain areas and time course of emotional processing // Neuroimage. — 2004. — Vol. 21. — P. 1189–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.10.001
18. Harold W.G., Konopka L.M. Quantitative Electroencephalography and HIV Disease — Where Do We Stand? // US Infectious Disease. — 2007. — № 1. — P.18–19.
19. http://atripla.ru/hiv-info/stadii-vich-infekcii.html Электронный ресурс. Дата обращения 28.02.2018.
20. Kremer H., Lutz F.P., McIntosh R.C., Dévieux J.G., Ironson G. Interhemispheric Asymmetries and Teta Activity in the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex as EEG Signature of HIV-Related Depression: Gender Matters. — Clin EEG Neurosci. — 2016. — Vol. 47. — P. 96-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/1550059414563306
21. Nuwer M.R., Miller E.N., Visscher B.R., et al. Asymptomatic HIV infection does not cause EEG abnormalities: Results from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) // Neurology. — 1992. — Vol. 42. — P. 1214. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.42.6.1214
22. Provladimir.ru Электронный журнал. Заведующая СПИД-Центром Татьяна Замковая: «Все чаще ВИЧ заражаются социально успешные люди». — О ВИЧ и работе владимирского СПИД-Центра. Интервью 20.12.2016. URL: https://provladimir.ru/news/intervyu/zaveduyushhaya-spidcentrom-tatyana-zamkovaya-vse-chashhe-vichzarazhayutsya-socialno-uspeshnye-lyudi (дата обращения 11.01.2018).
23. Samuelsson K., Pirskanenmatell R., Bremmer S., et al. Te nervous system in early HIV infection: a prospective study through 7 years // Eur. J. Neurol. — 2006. — Vol. 13. — P. 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01173.x
24. Tinuper P., de Carolis P., Galeotti M. et al. Electroencephalogram and HIV infection: a prospective study in 100 patients // Clin. Electroencephalogr. — 1990. — Vol. 21. — P. 145–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/155005949002100310
Review
For citations:
Neznanov N.G., Khalezova N.B., Hobeysh M.A., Zakharova N.G., Kissin M.Ya. Clinical and neurophysiological features of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection. V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY. 2018;(4):53-63. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2018-4-53-6
Views:
758
Email this article 