Recent research data make it evident that the last generations of antypsychotics being successful in elimination of the positive psychotic symptoms still seem to be incapable to sufficiently lower exacerbation frequency and to improve social functioning. The primary reason for that is considered to be an insufficient response of the patients’ cognitive deficit to the action of antipsychotics. The importance to differentiate between neurocognition and social cognition in view of the schizophrenia treatment general strategy optimization is discussed.

The article presents an analytical review aimed at determining the effect of anhedonia on the course and therapeutic prognosis of depression. Currently, there is no specific pharmacological approach to the treatment of anhedonia in depression.It is clear all antidepressants that affect the symptoms of depression in general act to a certain extent on anhedonia. Modern views on the biological mechanisms involved in the formation of anhedonia are described, on the basis of which a search for drugs with anti-anhedonic activity is possible. Vortioxetine can be considered as an antidepressant with a specific anti-anhedonic effect.

The results of meta-analysis of constitutional-biological, personal, microsocial and somatogenic factors of binge-eating are discussed in this paper. The meta-analysis involved 38 studies published in English language between 2000 and 2016. The random effects model was chosen for meta-analysis and the following methods were used: Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and Fisher’s Z-test. As additional procedures, an I2- test was conducted to assess the homogeneity of the studies, a publication bias analysis to level the error of unpublished data, and a «trim-and-fill» test. As a result of the meta-analysis, the leading psychosocial factors, influencing the formation and development of compulsive overeating were identified — these are depressive symptoms, negative affect, perception of body image, stress and personal predictors (anxiety, temper, impulsiveness, reduced level of emotional intelligence, psychological rigidity). However, no significant gender differences were found.

The review examines the mental illnesses most commonly found in individuals with gender identity disorders. The applicability of Meyer’s Minority Stress Model (1995) to explanation of the observed comorbidity is analyzed. In conclusion the need for increased attention to persons with gender identity disorders from psychological and psychiatric services is stated.

The author develops ideas, which he presented in his paper Critical rethinking of the use of pharmacotherapy in mental disorders and critically analyses works by Descartes, I.М. Sechenov and I.P. Pavlov, which determined our methods of studying the psyche and treating mental disorders for many centuries. Reflexes of the Brain by I.M. Sechenov and ideas of the second signal system and higher nervous activity by I.P. Pavlov are analysed in detail. The author proves that these ideas, which still influence development of psychology, psychiatry, psychotherapy and social sciences, are fallacious.

The results of the study showed the presence of definite syntropia between various clinical variants of obsessive and depersonalization disorders. Autopsychic depersonalization is most characteristic for contrast obsessions, whereas somatopsychic depersonalization is for re-control obsessions. Derealization or allopsychic depersonalization are more often observed in patients with obstructive extracorporeal threats. Depersonalization of change is equally characteristic for patients with schizotypal disorder and psychogenic personality development, whereas depersonalization of loss and splitting were observed only in cases of schizophrenic spectrum disorders.

The article describes the personal resources of doctors associated with their professional success. The study involved 123 doctors of city hospitals in St. Petersburg. Based on a factor analysis, five types of career were identified; two of them were classified as successful, two as unsuccessful and one as neutral. Significant correlations were found between personal resources and three types of career. In order to explain the nature of these relationships, as well as the search for the reasons for the lack of significant correlations of personal resources and two other types of career, further research is needed.

The aim of this study was to validate the Russian version of the questionnaire on the dependence on computer games «Internet gaming disorder scale–short-form». The latter is based on 9 criteria of Internet gaming disorder by DSM — V. Study was conducted on a sample of 1070 students of educational institutions of Irkutsk and Irkutsk region. The average age of the respondents was 15.0±1.6 years. Point values of the method did not obey the normal law of distribution. At the same time, all correlation coefficients (by Spearman) between individual domains were statistically significant at the level of p<0.001 and varied from 0.32 to 0.52.At the same time, all correlation coefficients (by Spearman) between individual domains were statistically significant at the level of p<0.001 and varied from 0.32 to 0.52.Single-factor model within the confirmatory factor analysis was evaluated as acceptable (CMIN/DF=7.01; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.93; TLI=0.931; CFI=0.95; RMSEA=0.075; p<0.0001). As part of the IRT analysis, a graded response model was chosen. Graphical analysis demonstrated the monotony of trace curves for each «Internet gaming disorder scale–short-form» statement. The peak of the distribution of the curve for the whole method fell on. The peak of the distribution of the curve for the whole technique was in the range from 1 to 3. Conclusion. As a result of the validation procedure, the suitability of the Russian-language version of the «Internet gaming disorder scale–short-form» questionnaire for the initial screening — diagnostics of the dependence on computer games among Russian gamers was confirmed.

In a cross-sectional clinical-psychopathological and psychological trial aiming to study the causes of misdirected health encounter of patients with somatization disorders, the analysis of factors contributing to the emergence of «a psychiatrist avoidance behavior» has been conducted. The influence of somatization disorders clinical manifestations, socio-demographic characteristics, information resources, administrative changes in health care service and psychological features has been demonstrated. The necessity to introduce psychoeducational programs in the primary health care setting has been substantiated for: priority specialists for patients with somatization disorders — therapists, neurologists, cardiologists; somatization disorders patients with «a psychiatrist avoidance behavior»; psychiatrists, psychotherapists, clinical psychologists.

The article presents the results of the interaction of the federal telemedicine advisory center that provides telemedicine consultations on the profiles of «psychiatry» and «psychiatry-narcology» with the Volga Federal District.

Despite the presence of a connection to the Telemedicine system of the Ministry of Health of Russia, almost half of the constituent entities of the Volga Federal District did not seek advice. The growing need and interest of regional doctors in consultations using telemedicine technologies was revealed.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a peculiar genetic disorder that is associated with prenatal central nervous system damage that impairs child’s post-natal mental development. Aim of the study is to define how severity of TCS affects the peculiarities of 7 to 12 years old children’s mental development. The study examines ways for the application of psychological methods to diagnose this disease in children. «Profiles of psychological developments» that included assessment of substantial and constructive activities, games and play activities, speech, communication, emotional-volitional and motor areas, and self-care were created based on the examination of 24 children. A distinct qualitative variability of mental development that ranged from the norm to grave underdevelopment including in rare cases intellectual and behavioral regression was identified. Timely determination of children’s psychological status with tuberous sclerosis was shown to be necessary to plan and implement correctional psychological, pedagogical, social assistance, and serve as one of the markers contributing to severity of the disease.

The aim of the study was to explore the personality of women with different smoking behavior during pregnancy using a biopsychosocial approach. Women aged 18-38 years who were hospitalized in the maternity hospitals of Arkhangelsk were enrolled to the study. Pregnant women were divided into three groups depending on the tobacco history: “smokers”, “quitters” and “non-smokers”. As a result of the study, we determined variation in social, biological and psychological components of the personality of women with different smoking behavior during pregnancy. Thus, quitting smoking during pregnancy was more common in married women, and those who had a non-smoking father of the child. Women who stopped smoking during first trimester in compared to smokers were more introverted, had more frequently an instinct of “self-preservation” and “research”. Values of euphoric type of psychological component of gestational dominant and self-esteem were higher among women who stopped smoking during pregnancy in compared to smokers. Smokers in compared to non-smokers had a lower social and economic status, were more often extroverted, emotionally unstable, rigid, less often had a strong development of the instinct «procreation», «research», «altruism», but more often «liberty». Moreover, smokers showed higher rates of depressive, anxious of psychological component of gestational dominant and weaker development of self-esteem and will. So, the revealed features demonstrate those targets to which preventive measures should be directed.

The main milestones of the life and work of L.O. Darkshevich. It is noted that the work of a professor on the study of the pathology of muscles and peripheral nerves is of great interest. As early as 1903, in a German manual on pathological anatomy of the nervous system, Liverius Osipovich wrote a chapter on the pathological anatomy of muscles. We emphasize that later they wrote several articles on cerebral and arthropathic amiotrophies. Studying the question of the so-called retrograde degeneration of nerves, he pointed to the development of degenerative changes not only in the peripheral, but also in the central segment of the nerve, which is of great interest for clarifying the spread of the process. The article notes that Liveriy Osipovich Darkshevich considered the creation of a manual on nervous diseases as the greatest debt of his life, which was the testament of his late teacher — Professor A.Ya. Kozhevnikov, who had not managed to do this. Well aware of the conditioned reflex principles of the central nervous system, Liverii Osipovich attached special importance to the cerebral cortex as a body of mental activity. He pointed out that normal mental activity is formed under the influence of incessantly arriving stimuli of the external world, which, having reached the cerebral cortex and entering our consciousness, give rise to representations, the appearance of which in turn gives rise to the manifestation of active cortical activity-the emergence of volitional impulses. Liverii Osipovich was an ardent supporter of active disease therapy and was often an innovator in this field.