This article studies the role of early maladaptive schemas in the formation and maintenance of symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Schemes are supposed to be additional risk factor reducing patients’ adaptive potential and contributing to the exacerbation or recurrence of the disease. Therefore schemas are an important target for psychotherapeutic work with this group of patients. Also in this article we describe the results of study of early maladaptive schemas in patients with schizophrenia spectrum, conducted on the basis of Bekhterev Institute. The findings are compared with the results of other researchers. The idea of the schemas that are typical for this group of patients will contribute to the development of more effective psychotherapeutic methods of rehabilitation and prevention for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

The aims of scientific research of the process of psychotherapy for various mental disorders are discussed in the article. The necessity of the universal design concepts development in the field of clinical psychotherapy with the aim of harmonizing the main investigated parameters of the psychotherapeutic process is reflected in the article. It is shown that the target of psychotherapy is the key parameter while carrying out a psychotherapy research process. Differences in the understanding of this term by different authors are described here. The necessity of different types of categories and planes detection of psychotherapy targets, establishing their typology and classification are presented.

The problem of somatoform disorders (SFD) was regarded in accordance with the biopsychosocial concept of mental pathology. It was described the role of biological, social and psychological factors in the development of SFD. The representation of the interaction of these phenomena in the process of occurrence and further development of the SFD was gave. Predisposing factors (genetic predisposition, disturbance of neurotransmitters’ metabolism, misbalance of immune and endocrine systems, as well as personality’s typology), perpetuating factors (cognitive features, low opportunity of coping, abnormal behavior patterns, features of emotional response), precipitating factors (stress, social influence) were emphasized. Proposed multifactorial model can be used to improve care for patients who suffer from SFD, especially useful can be development of a cognitive-behavioral intervention.

The traditional approach to human brain modeling suggests modification of modern systems and microcircuits as long as their performance reaches a permissible limit. A different hybrid approach is based on neuromorphic computing. The idea we utilize is combination of artificial neural networks with specialized microcircuits. The architecture of the microchip needs to reproduce the mechanisms of the human brain and to be a kind of hardware support for neural networks. Existing models of the brain even on powerful supercomputers require significant computation time and are not yet able to solve problems in real time. Since the human brain consists of two parts with different functions and different data processing principles, there is a very promising approach which suggests combining digital and analog systems into single one. In current collaboration we incorporate some results of study of activity of human brain as a base of building of hybrid computational system and foundation to the approach of running it.

In the theoretical part, the authors focus on specific issues in the diagnosis and treatment of patients migrants with dissociative symptoms related to the cultural specialty of the settings in the etiology of emerging symptoms and for psychotherapeutic interventions. With the use of the scale dissociation (DES) were identified reliable differences in the sample of labour migrants and of migrants-compatriots in the MannWhitney criterion p<0,00003). The largest number of respondents in the sample of labour migrants are close to the diagnostic level of dissociative symptoms.

The article represents the results of the research of personality characteristics of men who serves in security police units with «pre-disease» somatic health disorders. The sample includes 112 men (length of service from 7 to 15 years), found fit for military service. Clinical psychology method and test psychodiagnostical methods were used in the research. Personality characteristics of employees with «pre-disease» somatic disorders significantly differ from those of their healthy colleagues and express in the following personality features: higher levels of state anxiety and trait anxiety, more frequent use of destructive strategies and patterns of coping behavior, impulsiveness, irritability, indiscipline, conservatism and narrow intellectual interests . Despite the formal absence in the sample of the burnout symptoms, significant differences between the groups appear in the trends to a sense of helplessness, professional or self- disappointment, reduce of emotionally costly duties, personal detachment of employees with «pre-disease» health problems. The results are of undoubted practical significance to improve the effectiveness of psychological and medical support security police employees.

This paper focuses on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia and factors that influence it, including clinical and demographic characteristics and levels of blood biomarkers (neuronspecific enolase and S100B protein). Results of the present study suggest heterogeneity and selectivity of cognitive impairment. Connections between genetic predisposition to schizophrenia and decreased speed of processing, age of onset and the degree of working memory deficits, clinical status features and the speed of skill development, planning, accuracy and impulsivity were established. It was found that the impairment of planning and problem-solving behavior was isolated from other domains. Altered neuronal membrane permeability may contribute to the pathogenesis of memory disorders.

Presents the results of research aimed at studying clinical and social characteristics and peculiarities of aggressive behavior of patients who are on long-term compulsory treatment in a psychiatric hospital. It is established that the factors that influence the duration of the execution of compulsory medical measures are: frequent exacerbations of the disease process; the continued aggressive behaviour; lack of adherence to treatment; severe employment and family maladjustment, housing insecurity; the need for nursing care, helplessness mental state in the absence of family ties. Test the hands of Wagner can be used as an additional diagnostic tool in the assessment of aggressiveness in individuals undergoing compulsory treatment, to determine the potential risk of nosocomial aggression and in preparation for discharge. Actuality of elaboration of mechanisms of social and medical support for patients, helpless mental state, the loss of housing and family ties, and to further transfer such persons to the social protection system. While under Federal law, service of protection of the rights of patients in psychiatric hospitals, can become an active mechanism in the realization of their legitimate interests.

The article covers specification of beliefs and defining of rationality rate among contemporary patients with neurotic level anxiety-phobic disorders. It includes descriptions for basic irrational beliefs which can occur among patients with neurotic level anxiety-phobic disorders at present times and which could be considered targets for cognitive behavioural psychotherapy and as one of stages of person-centered psychotherapy in patients of this group.

This article discusses the problematic issues of psychopathy: distinguishing them from other mental disorders and extreme variants of mental norm. The definitions of the terms «psychopathy» and «Personality Disorder» should be clarified. In this article were developed some new conceptual approaches to the taxonomy of psychopathy based on their etiopathogenesis.

The long-term outcomes of treatment with new selective antipsychotic for patients with schizophrenia have been discussed. Using the example of patients treated with “Xeplion” for secondary prevention of worsening symptoms of the disorder and changing in patient social functionality are in the focus. Especial attention paid on safety and efficacy of the treatment. Addressed to psychiatrists working in health services and researchers.

The article presents compelling evidence of the need to draw attention of physicians to the problem of neyroleptical hyperprolactinemia. The article provides information about different prolactogen activity of antipsychotics with the release of the safest drugs - aripiprazole and ziprasidone. Substantiates the necessity of correction prolactin levels during antipsychotic therapy. Presented the algorithms for the prevention and monitoring of neuroleptic hyperprolactinemia, as well as the basic principles of its correction, including with the use of a dopamine agonist Dostinex.

Among factors contributing to the non-verbal behavior of the patient and, therefore, aimed at the social vector of the effectiveness of the treatment, a significant role is played by the so-called «geometry of social space». The destruction of the stereotypes of behavior in the framework of certain personal-territorial interactions (which occurs when transferring the patient from one department to another) and the need for the patient to create new interactions between other patients in the changed spatial hierarchy may lead to a deterioration in the patient’s condition (in a result of «psychological trauma» reduced his social competence. Noted above is substantially leveled at the organization complex «a round-the-clock hospital (with the open doors) - a day time hospital». Creating such a complex promotes to conservation of these psychological constructs or psychological sovereignty of the patient, i.e., to his/her existence as a full body-territorial and existential unity, maintains or improves his/her adaptation-compensatory mechanisms and, therefore leads to successful biopsychosocial rehabilitation. Proposed a new model of organization of psychiatric service a complex «a round-the-clock hospital (with the open doors) - a day time hospital» requires further investigations and accumulation of facts to clarify the precise criteria for the work of the structure and formation of the corresponding legal standards of its existence.

Insomnia due to hypnotics abuse and dependence is a common and serious problem of somnology irrespectively of which one comes first: sleep disturbances or drug use. Modern hypnotics demonstrates selective affinity to some types of benzodiazepine receptors. This explains its higher safety profile than for first-generation hypnotics. Nevertheless there are reports of dependence and withdrawal syndrome associated with its administration as well. The most dangerous symptoms of withdrawal are seizures, hemodynamic and respiratory disturbances. Treatment of a hypnotic dependence includes detoxication and gradual withdrawal of medicines.