This review summarizes the results of studies which demonstrate the impact of chronic stress to the representatives of the extreme profile activities and social environment. In our work we show how family members can ensuring the normal professional functioning of servicemen; systematic data about the occurrence of social-psychological disadaptation of the family members. Based on the literature data and the results of our research, we identificated the risk factors of social-psychological disadaptation of the military wives which are situated in a social stressful situation during a long time. It is found that family members who have undergone medical and psychological rehabilitation, revealed a positive trend.

The technique of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy was proposed in accordance with the multifactorial model of somatoform disorders (SFD). Four stages of therapy were emphasized: preparatory (diagnostic), psychoeducational, basic (actually CBT) and supportive (fixation of achieved changes and relapse prevention). The characteristics of psychotherapeutic interventions in each of these stages were considered. The basic cognitive-behavioral techniques and targets of influence were reviewed, as well as features of typical for SFD pathological cycles, which support SFD symptoms. Also reviewed opportunities for interrupting of these cycles. Preliminary data about the effectiveness of the proposed method were received.

In article the research of interaction of emotions and intelligence at teenagers with organic not psychotic disorders and a shizotipichesky disorder is presented, data of patients with mental infantility and without it are compared, features of affective and cognitive interaction of healthy adolescents are revealed. Change of structure of the general and emotional intelligence at teenagers with not psychotic mental pathology is established. It is possible to explain with compensation mechanism at teenagers with organic not psychotic disorders and an asinkhronism of development in patients with shizotipic disorder. It is revealed that the factor of infantility doesn’t influence structure and hierarchy of the general and emotional intelligence in each nosological group. Compensatory function of emotional intelligence in group of infantile teenagers with organic not psychotic disorders is noted.

The delicate marker of the adaptive capacities of the organism are circadian rhythms (chrono-types). Unfavorable environmental factors cause the damage of the biological rhythms and desynchronosis - the mismatch in the time-organization of the main systems of the organism. Being the preclinical disorder, the desynchronosis inhibit the effective adaptation. In our studywe analyzed the influence of different stress factors during professional education of doctors on the development of the syndrome of emotional burnout and desynchronization of biological rhythms. The gradual decrease of energy tonus is more significant among doctors, that mean the lack of the syndrome of emotional burnout as a protection of stress and contribute the transformation of the physiological desynchronosis in the pathological one and the transformation the preclinical disorders in the diseases.

The article deals with coping and self-regulation of behavior in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. The study revealed that the highest level of self-regulation of behavior in patients from both groups noted selection, mainly, adaptive coping, and the ways of coping do not depend on subjective perceived psychopathology. Patients with schizophrenia different tendency to seek social support and optimistic outlook for the future. Patients with mood disorders tend to ignore problems and emotional discharge.

Cognitive and affective disorders and quality of life were studied in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Registered: minimal cognitive deficit in more than 50% cases. Cognitive impairment was associated with patients’ physical functioning decrease. Depressive and anxiety disorders were registered in 42.8% and 47% cases, respectively, and were associated with the severity of neurological dysfunction and less cognitive dysfunction. Pronounced reduce of quality of life was obtained. The possibility of quality of life level’s quantification in acute stroke patients using visual-analouge scale and EQ-5D-5L questionnaire was demonstrated.

To identify the correlation between psychosocial characteristics of patients with paranoid schizophrenia placed under medical supervision and rates of their admissions to psychiatric hospitals, 80 patients (50 men and 30 women) aged 42,8±10.9 years have been studied. The results showed that psychosocial characteristics such as age, level of education attained, having a job and work experience, financial and marital statuses and social circle latitude were in inversely proportional relationship with the rate of hospital admissions. Multiple regression analysis showed the duration of disease and social circle latitude to be the most important predictors of the frequency of hospital admissions. The obtained results indicate that reduction in hospital admission numbers can be achieved by providing the patient with the combination of medical, psychosocial and family therapies, as well as employment assistance and rehabilitation of communication skills.

On the basis of clinical and psychological study of 435 women with heteroaggressive behavior, 321 women without aggression, who is serving a sentence in a penal colony, obtained new data on the relationships between heteroaggressive behavior, psychological characteristics of the individual, the severity of mental disorders and mental pathology. The authors come to the conclusion that in organic and personality disorders clinical factors always play a leading role in the formation of aggression, but with neurotic and depressive disorders, psychological factors play an equal or a priority role in the formation of aggressive behavior.

“The theory of mind” (ToM) was in a focus in this study. We investigated the impairment of ToM in case of local brain lesion. ToM was analyzed by the “eye test” that measures the ability to contribute mental states to another person by reading the mind in their eyes. The test requires identifying 36 items (photos) by mapping a word from a list of 4 ones. The task consisted in identifying basal emotions (BE) and complex mental states (CS). Patients (36 pers) with different localization of brain damages were took part in this research. They were divided into 5 groups: basal ganglias (gr.1), bilateral lobe areas(gr.2), left hemisphere (gr.3).Mixed lesions were in two following groups, basal ganglias and right hemisphere (RH) (gr.4), basal ganglias and left hemisphere (LH) (gr.5). All patients revealed problems in cognition facial expressions. The results of 40% of the patients were below the normative level. The efficiency of the answers (ET_inde ) was valued as low, moderate and high. The difference between the groups in moderate ET_inde was considerable. The gr.4 was the lowest and in the gr.5 the highest. All the groups, except the gr.1, were higher score in CS than in BE. The gr.1 characterized by the impairment in recognition facial expressions in the whole. The side of brain lesion was a significant parameter. The LH patients revealed the better recognition of emotions than the RH ones. The RH lesions followed by the challenge in emotions identification in no relation to their complicity. It seems that the relatively higher score in CS recognition in comparison to BE in patients with cortical and subcortical brain lesions can be explained that social perception consists of different levels and has bilateral structure in human brain.

Essential tremor (ET) is characterized by heterogeneity and variable intensity of hand tremor, which accounts for the severity of functional disorders, thus lowering the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Findings: As a result of the research, we have identified subgroups of essential tremor characterized by significant variability of the tremor amplitude and duration. The first subgroup has kinetic tremor prevailing over postural tremor, predominantly asymmetric; the second subgroup is represented by high-amplitude symmetric posture-kinetic tremor; the third group has low-amlitude posture-kinetic tremor. Tremor mostly limits role activity with relative preservation of the ability to perform general physical exercise. Patients with ET are defined by medium and low estimate of physical and mental components of the QoL. The QoL was estimated lowest by the patients of subgroup 2, whereas the health physical component was higher in patients of group 3 which was complemented by a shorter duration of tremor.

In this paper, traditional concepts of on link between mental activity and brain activity are reviewed, and hypothesis of brain as a biological interface, which was earlier (2008) suggested by the author, is developed. Approaches to research of psyche in areas of physiology, psychology and psychiatry, as well as their applications to therapy of patients with mental disorders, are analysed. The author suggests two main models of mental disorders based on clearer differentiation of organic (brain) pathology and mental disorders as such that result from informational non-material influence on psyche rather than on brain. Difference between nervous and psychic functioning of organism and personality is outlined; mental activity is viewed as an acquired or programmed function formed in social informational environment.

The article discusses various aspects of the main approaches to the issue of correction of neuroleptic hyperprolactinemia. Based on the generalized scientific and practical experience, algorithms for corrective therapy with dopamine agonists - bromocriptine and cabergoline (Dostinex) are given. The data on indications and contraindications to prescribing therapy with these drugs are substantiated, as well as features of their side effects.

In the article considers the place and value of the long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia, summarized the advantages and disadvantages as well as problems related to their prescribing. Described the algorithm for patient’s engagement in the process of treatment and the specific doctor’s actions when prescribing the drug.

The article shows the significanceof the post-stroke affective problem. The main types of psychopathological syndromes and their specificity for patients with cerebral stroke are discussed. The paper investigates the possibility of using D-, L-gopantenicum/rac-gopantenicumacidum (Pantogamactive) to reduce the severity of anxiety and depression in recovering period of ischemic stroke patients. The authors show the effectiveness and safety of the use of Acidumhopantenicum-D, L in the rehabilitation course of post-stroke patients.

In the article, with the position of the biopsychosocial concept, presented the experience of the poliprofessional'nyh brigades integrated clinical and psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with the use of tools in the form of individual cards. Topics map reflecting the rehabilitative diagnosis, action plan, applied methods, algorithms, performance results. This article describes the nature of the interaction between specialists in the team, monitoring the quality of activities. Draws conclusions about the effectiveness and positive results of the applied methodology.

In the offered work the problem of treatment of resistant depressive frustration is analyzed by modern methods of neuromodulation. Value and a role, in this process, stimulation of the vagus nerve (VNS) is considered. Efficiency of application of a vagus nerve stimulation (a clinical case) for therapeutic resistant depressive patient is shown. This example proves that the vagus nerve stimulation is a perspective additional method in treatment of resistant depressions.