The range of adverse environmental factors affecting the health of psychiatrists is quite wide. It includes biological and chemical substances, emotional exhaustion and professional burnout, permanent exposure to stress factors of an aggressive environment, forced working posture, tension of analyzer systems and many others. In addition, psychiatrists work under conditions of high emotional stress, which leads to rapid depletion of the nervous system, the development of a syndrome of professional burnout.

Disturbances in immune and endocrine regulation are closely interrelated with development of psychiatric diseases, including affective disorders. Depression may be a characteristic of at least 23 autoimmune diseases. Negative influence on the depression development have: an increased level of proinflammatory cytokines, impairment of T-regulatory cells, kynurenine pathway shift towards production of its potentially neurotoxic metabolites, overproduction of stress hormones, hyperleptinemia, hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, as well as vitamin D, calcidiol and calcitriol deficiency. In this review we analysed the development and accumulation of ideas and facts regarding the interrelation between autoimmune and affective pathology.

A comprehensive assessment of clinical, clinico-psychopathological, neurological, neuropsychological and instrumental examinations in a single study allows for a more detailed study of cognitive impairments in patients with CSC at a long-term period (12-15 months) after the transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells.

Purpose. Assessment of cognitive impairments in patients with hematological malignancies at a long-term period after the transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells.

Materials and methods. Clinical, psychopathological, clinical, psychological, neuropsychological, neurophysiological and neurovisual methods were used to examine 36 patients with various hematological malignancies in the period of 12-15 months after allo-HSCT. Statistical data analysis was performed using the methods of descriptive statistics, analysis of contingency tables and dispersive (with repeated measurements) analysis.

Results and discussion. At a long-term period of the study (12-15 months), it was found that cognitive impairments are largely eliminated under the influence of a temporary factor, as well as the treatment of associated conditions (mental disorders, infectious complications, etc.). However, their level does not reach the normal (or close to them) values characteristics of the pre-transplant stage. Among the causes of this phenomenon, mention may be made of the organic lesions of the central nervous system, which are recorded during EEG, CEP, MRI / CT studies, and toxic encephalopathy due to exposure to chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive drugs.

Conclusion. The dynamics of cognitive impairments in general reflects the dynamics of the multifactor effects of various hazards accompanying the transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells on the central nervous system. In this case, it can be stated with confidence that the allo-HSCT procedure in the overwhelming majority of cases does not lead to critical cognitive impairments.

Clinical and biochemical features of anxiety in children with a hyperkinetic disorder, also known as a combined type of ADHD, have not been studied, although these data are extremely necessary for therapeutic intervention in cases of comorbidity of hyperkinetic and anxiety disorders.

Objective: to study pathogenetic mechanisms and the role of anxiety level in the formation of the main symptoms of the disorder.

Materials and methods. We examined 182 children with hyperkinetic disorder and 60 peers from control group aged 6–10 years. After clinical examination we studied the content of monoamines, their precursors, and metabolic products in daily urine. Assessment of the main clinical symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity) was carried out on the SNAP-IV scale. An assessment of the level of anxiety was carried out according to the questionnaire Lavrentieva G.P. and Titarenko T.M. Patients with hyperkinetic disorder were divided into subgroups according to the nature of the monoaminergic “profile”.

The results of the study support the hypothesis that pathological and steady increase in anxiety level leads to increase in the impulsivity level in children with hyperkinetic disorder. And the main role in this process is played by the noradrenergic system and the weakening of the inhibitory effect of serotonin, causing an increase of anxiety level and aggravating the imbalance of the activity of monoamine systems.

Objective: to study the association of hostility with high and low-active variants of the MAOA gene in an open population of men 45-64 years old. Using the methods proposed by the WHO International Program “MONICA-psychosocial” and “HAPIEE”, a representative sample of men aged 45–64 years old (n = 781 men, average age was 56.48 ± 0.2 years) in 2003-2005. All respondents independently completed a questionnaire on hostility. From the surveyed sample, using the random number method, 156 men were selected who were genotyped for MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism. It was approved that the level of hostility in the population of men was 60.3%. It was revealed that among persons with low-active alleles of the MAOA-L gene (allele 2 and 3) a high level of hostility was more common — 50.9%. The results of building a logistic regression model showed that the presence of low-active alleles (2; 3) of the MAOA gene increases the likelihood of hostility OR = 2,103 (95% CI 1,137-3,889, p = 0.018). The results obtained allow us to conclude that the low-active allele of the MAOA-L gene is associated with hostility.

There are results of cluster analysis of neurocognitive impairments in 85 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the article. Three patient groups were discriminated based on the results. These groups differ from each other both by severity of general cognitive impairment and by severity of impairments of the specific cognitive functions. There are differences between groups by specific demographic and clinical parameters. However sensitivity analysis does not find influence of these clinical parameters on the cognitive differences between groups, which stay certain after symptoms are taken into account.

Controlling the epidemic of overweight and obesity is one of the major challenges to modern healthcare. One of the possible causes of overweight and obesity can be food addiction manifesting as overeating and other eating disturbances (ED).

We conducted a cross-sectional study to test the association between addiction-related ANKK1/DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism (rs1800497) and ED in overweight patients. Overall, 527 outpatients (469 (89,0%) females, 58 (11,0%) males; mean ± SD: BMI — 35,8±7,3 kg/m²; age — 46,7±11,8 years) of European ancestry were included in the study. Eating Disorder Examination — Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) were used to assess the ED. We also used Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) to assess depressive, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disturbances respectively. DNA was extracted from blood samples and polymorphism rs1800497 was detected by RT-PCR.

According to the dominant genetic model, carriers of minor T allele (“CT+TT” group) in contrast to wild-type allele homozygous patients (“CC” group) were younger (p=0,075) and demonstrated higher scores of EDE-Q (p=0,085) and emotional eating subscale of DEBQ (p=0,063). Moreover, among them the proportion of patients with high ED risk was significantly increased vs. CC group: 1) EAT-26 score: 15,2% vs. 9,0%, OR=1,82 (CI95% (1,054-3,134), p=0,03; 2) EDE-Q score: 46,6% vs. 37,5%, OR=1,45 (CI95% (1,015-2,072), p=0,041. BMI was correlated with emotional eating subscale of DEBQ score in “CT+TT” group only (ρ_s =0,199, p=0,004). Correlation analysis showed weaker connections between ED and affective disturbances in “CT+TT” group.

Our results show that carriers of the addiction-related T allele of ANKK1/DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism comprise the at-risk group for eating disturbances in overweight individuals. This may support the role of food addiction in overweight and obesity.

Over the last century frequency of diagnosed catatonic states continuously decreased. This phenomenon can be explained through hypothesis of pathomorphosis of psychiatric diseases. Pathomorphosis is an important aspect of mental diseases, including catatonic states, especially therapeutic pathomorphosis. Changes in clinical presentation of psychosis led to under-recognition of catatonic signs, that cause incorrect diagnostic and treatment tactics. The aim of this study is to investigate clinical and psychopathological features of psychosis with catatonic features and actual differences in clinical presentation compared to traditional descriptions and earlier clinical cases. Two groups of patients was explored. First is patients, which admitted to psychiatric hospital due to psychosis with catatonic features. Second group contains archival clinical cases of patients, which were treated since 1969 to 1972, before introduction of atypical antipsychotics to clinical practice.

The article presents the results of a study of individual psychological factors that are potentially significant for the development of Internet addiction (IA), carried out as part of the Russian interdisciplinary research project to identify a system of high-risk markers for developing IA. As a result of the analysis, a model of psychological predictors of IA was obtained, which includes personality characteristics — high nonplanning impulsiveness (as a lack of forethought and ability to follow future plans), and low self-direction (concerning to Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality). Additionally, childhood experiences of living in a community with a high level of violence were included in the model as one of the psychological predictors. The male gender also entered one of the final models as a risk factor for the development of IA. The results can be used as the basis for the development of targeted psychological assistance programs and preventive measures aimed at improving the specific characteristics of inhibitory control and the development of self-awareness.

The Negative Symptoms Assessment-5 (NSA-5) is clinical assessment tool for measuring the severity of negative symptoms that reflects the modern concept of negative syndrome. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive psychometric analysis of the Russian-language version of the NSA-5 with the determination of diagnostic criteria for assessing the severity of negative symptoms in the dynamics of treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Psychometric analysis was done on the base of the Rush measurement. Minimum clinically important differences were found using the MDC95% index for each score of the scale. The NSA-5 showed the adequate construct validity of its diagnostic points, the unidimensionality of the structure, high reliability and sensitivity to changes. The scale is able to differentiate 7 metric levels of severity of negative symptoms, diagnostic criteria are suitable for use in clinical practice and scientific research.

The classical test theory, on the basis of which the majority of diagnostic tools was created, has many defects associated with the lack of measuring principles in it. Today, advanced psychometric technologies based on modern test theory are relevant. These include the Rush model. These technologies surpass the classical theory of tests in scientific validity and applied efficiency, created on the basis of their psychometric scales. The purpose of the study: conduct a psychometric analysis of the scales of validity, anancastiness, impulsivity and hypersensitivity, created on the basis of the statements of the questionnaire of neurotic disorders.Surveyed 296 people. The main statistical method of work is the Rush metric system. Results: new scales have been developed: the scales of validity, anancastiness, impulsivity and hypersensitivity based on the questionnaire of neurotic disorders; statements of the presented scales have adequate constructive validity; measures of difficulty points — mainly within the regulatory range from -2 to +2 logites; the scales are one-dimensional, have a relatively balanced metric structure; reliability index validity scale is 0.88, the anancastiness scale — 0,87, the impulsivity scale — 0.82, the hypersensitivity scale — 0,93; scales of anancastiness and impulsivity are able to differentiate 3 levels of severity of properties, and scales of validity and hypersensitivity — 2.