Treatment resistance is a persistent neurochemical condition characterized by the presence of the «hybrid», combined pathological and drug metabolism. The difficulties in management and prevention of resistance relate to the lack of understanding of neurochemical changes occurring in the neuronal networks during development of the higher mental functions. Within the concept of the species-preserving behavior development neurochemically associated with the activity of monoaminergic systems in determined pathways and local neuronal networks with the co-transimitterts’ modulation of functions, pharmacodynamics of psychotropic drugs are discussed. The ability of psychotropic drugs to alter the mental state is determined by rapid and slow effects associated with the changes in monoaminergic processes at all levels of mediation (the synapses, the activity of neurons, local neuronal networks). It is emphasized that divergent neurochemical changes and the heterogeneity of the resistance development after treatment with agonists (antidepressants, anxiolytics, etc.) and antagonists (antipsychotics) determine the multiplicity of pharmacological approaches to the patients’ therapy. Accordingly, methodological aspects of resistance management by so-called «opposite therapy», «sensitization» and combination treatment strategies depending on the medications pharmacodynamics are considered.

The article based on systemic approach to family therapy presents the isomorphism of relationship structure in the family of identified patient and multiprofessional teаm of caring service professionals. Mental health service is organized to help the patient. Its effectiveness is determined by the improvement of the patient undergoing treatment and rehabilitation, thereby increasing the adaptive capacity of the patient and his return to society. Successful social integration of the patient largely depends on the level of his social competence. The study includes 23 women and 21 men aged from 18 to 30 participating in the biopsychosocial rehabilitation program for at least 12 months. Patients from the families, which took part in the psychotherapeutic work, showed an increase of social competence with Social Quotient (SQ) escalation for more than 15% in three months and more than 32% in 12 months after the start of the rehabilitation program compared to the baseline. The results of the work allow formulating recommendations for carrying out the effective program which includes psychotherapeutic interventions, sociotherapeutic events, as well as the appropriate balance of the various forms of specialized medical care, depending on the current stage of mental disorders. This is currently considered to be а personalized medicine.

This paper is devoted to some of the infrastructural problems of neuroinformatics in the context of existing analog-to-digital systems and high-performance solutions. We surveyed results and analyzed some of the existing methods required in various experiments. Special attention was devoted to the problem of the human brain simulation, based on a combination of digital and analog subsystems. Paper shows various approaches to modeling of interactions between brain neurons and explores different algorithms. We consider different applications of cloud solutions to neuroinformatics problems. Paper highlights areas of particular interest such as working with external storage, distributed data processing and visualization of acquired results. For each of them we survey existing options for creating cloud-based distributed computing solutions that can solve important challenges faced by researchers in their work.

A critical analysis of the concept of child neuropathy syndrome is submitted, and also described the difficulties of its diagnosis in the initial stages of formation. The existing approaches to understand this disorder are analyzed. Today neuropathy in child psychiatry is most often interpreted as one of of abnormal development forms - as dysontogenesis of the nervous system, characterized by increased excitability combined with increased exhaustion. Diagnostic difficulties are caused by the fact that there is no common opinion at the understanding of neuropathy, its criteria and dynamics. Moreover, clinical-psychopathological differences, associated with the peculiarities of etiopathogenesis require clarification. Its relationship with such evolutionary dynamic factor as ontogenetic is not sufficiently clear.

The relationship between bipolar affective disorders (BAD) and epilepsy have an obvious comorbidity, similar theoretical bases of pathogenesis and treatment approaches. In both diseases, there is a high risk of suicide without treatment, the frequency of episodes of BAD increases, and the lucid intervals become shorter, the progression of the disease is similar to one as for epilepsy. Discusses general pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and BAD and treatment of affective disorders of the bipolar spectrum in patients with epilepsy.

This trial was directed at a comparative study of efficacy of the drugs amisulpride and haloperidol with determination of significant differences by parameters of clinical efficacy and safety in the of hospital treatment stage. Clinical-psychopathological and psychometrical were explore 90 patients with schizophrenia (group 1 (45 patients) received amisulpride, group 2 (45 patients) received haloperidol). During research was evidence of a statistical significant difference between the groups by parameters of efficacy and safety amisulpride in the treatment patients with schizophrenia.

Clinical heterogeneity of tremor in Parkinson’s disease suggests a differentiated approach in choosing a correction therapy for motor defects. The article focuses on a variety of patterns of antiparkinsonian drug administration depending on the type and duration of tremor in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Reliable data on efficiency and advisability of the chosen therapy in the studied groups are provided. Findings: Most patients noted improvement - reduced tremor, improved movements - during the received therapy. The studied antiparkinsonian drugs reduce rest tremor, with the effect of levodopa being equivalent to that of dopamine agonists, however, the efficacy of dopamine agonists decreases, and that of levodopa increases, with age. The lowest efficiency in rest tremor was demonstrated by PK-Merz. In treatment of posturo-kinetic tremor cholinolytics proved more potent than in groups 1 and 2. Where antiparkinsonian drugs are not efficient enough in patients with posturo-kinetic tremor, a combined use of basic therapy and other antitremor drugs may be considered, such as propranolol, topamaks, primidon, etc.

In this paper we analyze the changes in the blood levels of neuron-specific enolase and S100B protein during combined ECT and pharmacological treatment in patients suffering from treatment-resistant paranoid schizophrenia. Correlations between biomarkers’ serum levels, clinical status and characteristics of cognitive functioning are analyzed.

The clinical-epidemiological study was carried on patients of urban populationwith neuroses who were traced to the prospective follow-up for 15 years.497 patients with neurotic disorders (116 men and 381 women) have been surveyed. The clinical, epidemiological and statistical methods of study have been used. The results of the study are statistically reliable. Catamnesis research has revealed options for outcomes of neurotic disorders depending on flow type of disease. Intensive index of neurotic personality development for the urban population was 0.5 per 1 000 population older than 16 years. The significance of debut syndrome of neurotic disorders was analysed for the formation of neurotic personality development.

In order to identify the ethnic and age and sex characteristics of psychosomatic disorders in schoolchildren living in the southern (Abakan) and central (Krasnoyarsk) Siberian regions, surveyed 1564 students aged 12-17 (boys and girls), of which 331 Khakass people and 1233 - Russian nationality. Comparative analysis of the figures obtained by the survey, carried out by age, gender and ethnicity. It was established that syncope, asthenic syndrome and panic disorder is much more common in Russian students compared to the Khakas. At the same time, all kinds of psychosomatic disorders are recorded more often in Russian girls than Khakass; boys no significant differences according to ethnicity have been identified. Among the pupils of Russian nationality all clinical variants of psychosomatic disorders were significantly more common in girls than in boys, and usually in the older age group (15-17 years) than in younger (12-14 years). The manifestations of panic attacks in the past history of 3/4 of the surveyed were associated with the presence of autonomic dysfunction syndrome, and more - sympathicotonic type.

Antipsychotics are the main pharmaceutical agents in treatment of schizophrenia and other mental disorders. According to literature data up to 60% of patients with schizophrenia have antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances. The main objective of pharmacogenetic studies is search for predictors of the response to therapy and definition of likelihood of development of undesirable phenomena. The main findings in the field of pharmacogenetics of metabolic disturbances were analysed. Recently, significant progress in the field of pharmacogenetic research was made which confirmed results of the previous studies and revealed new candidate genes. Ambiguous results in pharmacogenetic studies may be a reflection of complexity of pathogenesis of antipsychotic-induced weight gain, an influence of a set of epigenetic factors on mechanisms of its development. All this complicates design of the studies directed at identification of the candidate genes participating in realization of metabolic disturbances during intake of neuroleptics. Improvement of pharmacogenetic studies will provide the best understanding of how these genes are associated with antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances. Inclusion of pharmacogenetic approach in clinical guidelines is necessary, but now it is complicated that is associated mainly with the insufficient level of validity of the genetic markers studied and their ethnic heterogeneity. Use of pharmacogenetic testing improves rational therapy and contributes to the most efficient and safe therapy.

The term «MCI» (MCI) denote the condition characterized by disturbance, at least one of the characteristics of cognitive sphere, it does not lead to the violation of autonomy in daily life, so it created the modern concept of mild cognitive decline «mild cognitive impairment» (MCI) identificeret category of patients with intermediate stage between normal age and dementia. In patients with light cognitive disorder (MCI) restoration and improvement of intellectual abilities significantly faster and was more pronounced in the group treated with gliatilin. Gliatilin application in complex therapy of discirculatory encephalopathy improves locomotor, neural, and cognitive function. The drug is well tolerated, does not cause undesirable effects, which is very important when treating patients of advanced age.

Cardio-metabolic risk factors and diabetes mellitus type 2 are highly prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. Decrease of metabolic risks associated with use of atypical antipsychotics is connected with the development of specialised programs. They can prevent and treat metabolic disorders. This article presents a comprehensive approach to the problem and proposes a solution to minimise the risk of metabolic disorders. The analysis dependence risk of formation of metabolic disorders with genetic factors, behavioral disorders, associated with schizophreniaand therapypresented in the article.

The current state of the problems associated with the emergence of pronounced forms of extrapyramidal symptoms while taking psychotropic drugs is considered in the article. The theoretical justification of the possibility of using chemical transtimpanal destruction vestibular receptors for therapeutic purposes in patients with tardive dyskinesia conducted. The methodology of the chemical transtimpanal chemical destruction of the vestibular receptors described. The treatment consisted in the application of chemical transtimpanal destruction of vestibular receptors. The course of treatment lasted 3-4 weeks and consisted of 4 - 5 procedures. After treatment, patients had regression of extrapyramidal symptoms.

The problem of discirculatory encephalopathy(DE) - chronic cerebrovascular disease, characterized by multifocal or diffuse brain damage, and manifested a complex neurological and neuropsychological disorders. Presents information concerning the etiology and pathogenesis, morphological and clinical manifestations of the disease, diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines vascular encephalopathy. The authors consider that modern complete diagnostics of discirculatory encephalopathy allows to implement an adequate tactics of treatment, to choose a complex therapy effective for all spectrum of pathogenetic and clinical variants of the disease as well as to provide prophylactics of DE complications. Timely treatment improves not only the patient’s quality of life but considerably prolongs the period of his active social activity.

The carried-out retrieval revealed 2326 theses in 14.01.06 (14.00.18) «Psychiatry». In 1992-2015 about 97±6 theses were presented annually to dissertation councils of Russia. Doctor’s degree works there were 16.9%, candidate - 81.3%. Works on psychiatry made 2.5% of total medical ones in Russia. Retrieval on 01.05.2016 allowed to find 53,694 responses to theses on psychiatry in the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database. The number of annually published foreign theses on psychiatry constituted 2270±160. Theses published in English was 98.1% among the aspired for academic degree, 79.5% - for doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.). Structures of bases of domestic and foreign doctoral dissertations differed slightly. In russian dissertation works were significantly more often researched the subjects of military psychiatry, the issues of clinic, diagnostic and treatment of mental disorders and rehabilitaiton of mentally ill. In the foreign pool there wer more works dedicated to child psychiatry and psychosomatic disorders.

Features of creative method A.P. Chekhov found its reflection in a bizzare combination of literary character's personal chracteristics (a demonstrative and padantic personality), polymorphic clinical syndromes (a hypochondriac, depressive, somatic disease of uncertain origin), intricate life collisions (actually a lack of family, an excessively warm attitude of the foster daughter and trustee). Differential diagnostics of both personal chracteristics of the character, and had probabilistic and debatable nature.